Chứng minh rằng nếu: xyz = 1 thì
\(\frac{1}{1+x+xy}+\frac{1}{1+y+yz}+\frac{1}{1+z+zx}=1\)
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\(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y\left(1-xz\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-yz}{x-xyz}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y-xyz}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{x-xyz}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y-xyz}=\frac{x^2-y^2+xz-yz}{x-xyz-y+xyz}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)}{x-y}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{x-y}=x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2-yz}{x-xyz}=x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-yz=\left(x-xyz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-yz=x\left(x-xyz\right)+y\left(x-xyz\right)+z\left(x-xyz\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-yz=x^2-x^2yz+xy-xy^2z+xz-xyz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-yz-xy-xz=-x^2yz-xy^2z-xyz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(yz+xy+xz\right)=-\left(x^2yz+xy^2z+xyz^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow yz+xy+xz=x^2yz+xy^2z+xyz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow yz+xy+xz=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Vậy nếu \(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y\left(1-xz\right)}\) thì \(yz+xy+xz=xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{x+y+z}+\frac{1}{3xyz}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{3xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}}=\frac{2}{xy+yz+zx}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(\frac{1}{x+xy+1}+\frac{1}{y+yz+1}+\frac{1}{z+zx+1}\)
\(=\frac{xyz}{x\left(1+y+yz\right)}+\frac{1}{1+y+yz}+\frac{xyz}{xz\left(1+y+yz\right)}\)
\(=\frac{yz}{1+y+yz}+\frac{1}{1+y+yz}+\frac{y}{1+y+yz}\)
\(=\frac{1+y+yz}{1+y+yz}\)
\(=1\)
ta có :
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{xyz+yz+y}\)
\(\frac{xyz}{xy+x+xyz}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{xyz}{1+yz+y}\)
\(\frac{yz+y+xyz}{y+1+yz}\)
\(\frac{yz+y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
=1
\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{yz}\\xy=\dfrac{1}{z}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1+x+xy}+\dfrac{1}{1+y+yz}+\dfrac{1}{1+z+zx}\\ =\dfrac{1}{1+x+xy}+\dfrac{xyz}{yz\left(\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{z}+1\right)}+\dfrac{xyz}{z\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+1+x\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{1+x+xy}+\dfrac{x}{x+xy+1}+\dfrac{xy}{xy+1+x}\\ =\dfrac{1+x+xy}{1+x+xy}\\ =1\)
Đặt \(P=\frac{1}{1+x+xy}+\frac{1}{1+y+yz}+\frac{1}{1+z+xz}\)
ta dễ thấy rằng
\(P=\frac{z}{z+zx+xyz}+\frac{x}{x+xy+xyz}+\frac{y}{y+yz+xyz}=\frac{z}{1+z+xz}+\frac{x}{1+x+xy}+\frac{y}{1+y+yz}\)
Bằng cách nhân tương tự ta có : \(P=\frac{zy}{y+yz+xyz}+\frac{xz}{z+xz+xyz}+\frac{xy}{x+xy+xyz}=\frac{zy}{1+y+yz}+\frac{xz}{1+z+xz}+\frac{xy}{1+x+xy}\)
Cộng lại ta có : \(3P=\frac{1+x+xy}{1+x+xy}+\frac{1+y+yz}{1+y+yz}+\frac{1+z+xz}{1+z+xz}=3\text{ hay }P=1\)
vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh