Cho x, y >0 thỏa mãn \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=2\). Chứng minh: \(5x^2+y-4xy+y^2\ge3\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\le1\Rightarrow xy\ge2\)
\(5x^2+y-4xy+y^2=\left(2x-y\right)^2+x^2+y\)
\(\ge x^2+y=x^2+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\)\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{4}}\ge3\)(Đpcm0
Dấu = khi x=1;y=2
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\le1\Rightarrow xy\ge2\)
\(5x^2+y-4xy+y^2=\left(2x-y\right)^2+x^2+y\)
\(\ge x^2+y=x^2+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{4}}\ge3\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi x=1;y=2
\(A=\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{zx}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A^2=\frac{x^2y^2}{z^2}+\frac{y^2z^2}{x^2}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y^2}+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A^2=\left(\frac{x^2y^2}{z^2}+\frac{y^2z^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\frac{y^2z^2}{x^2}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y^2}\right)+\left(\frac{x^2y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y^2}\right)+12\)
\(\ge2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12=6+12=18\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm, ta được:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\le1\Leftrightarrow xy\ge2\)
\(5x^2+y-4xy+y^2=\left(2x-y\right)^2+x^2+y\ge x^2+y\)
\(=x^2+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{y}{2}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{4}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{4}}=3.1=3\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y}\right)=\left(a;b\right)\Rightarrow ab+a+b=3\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+2\sqrt{ab}\le3\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le1\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{3+b^2}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+1\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+a+ab+b}{ab+a+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+3}{4}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1+3}{4}\right)=1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\) hay \(x=y=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{2}{xy}}\le1\Leftrightarrow xy\ge2\)
\(5x^2+y-4xy+y^2=\left(2x-y\right)^2+x^2+y\)
\(\ge x^2+y=x^2+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xy\right)^2}{4}}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
\(RHS\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+y^2}+\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+z^2}+\sqrt{5z^2+2zx+x^2}}\)
Thử chứng minh \(\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+y^2}\le\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}x+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}y\) cái này xem sao
khi đó:
\(RHS\ge\frac{9}{\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại x=y=z=1
Cần chứng minh BĐT sau : \(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+y^2}}\ge\frac{5x-y}{8\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{2}x^2\ge\left(5x-y\right)\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+y^2}\) ( 1 )
Xét 5x - y \(\le\)0 \(\Rightarrow\)VT \(\ge\)0 ; VP \(\le\)0 \(\Rightarrow\)BĐT đã được chứng minh
Xét 5x - y \(\ge\)0 . Bình phương 2 vế của ( 1 ), ta được :
\(128x^4\ge\left(25x^2-10xy+y^2\right)\left(5x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow128x^4\ge125x^4+10x^2y^2-8xy^3+y^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^4-10x^2y^2+8xy^3-y^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^4-3xy^3\right)+\left(10xy^3-10x^2y^2\right)+\left(xy^3-y^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)+10xy^2\left(y-x\right)+y^3\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(3x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2-10xy^2+y^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(3x^3-3xy^2\right)+\left(3x^2y-3xy^2\right)-\left(xy^2-y^3\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(3x^2+6xy-y^2\right)\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
( Vì \(5x-y\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge\frac{y}{5}\)\(\Rightarrow3x^2+6xy-y^2\ge3.\left(\frac{y}{5}\right)^2+6.\frac{y}{5}.y-y^2=\frac{8}{25}y^2\ge0\))
Tương tự : \(\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+z^2}}\ge\frac{5y-z}{8\sqrt{2}}\); \(\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{5z^2+2xz+x^2}}\ge\frac{5z-x}{8\sqrt{2}}\)
Cộng từng vế 3 BĐT lại với nhau, ta được :
\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+y^2}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{5y^2+2yz+z^2}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{5z^2+2xz+x^2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{5x-z+5y-z+5z-x}{8\sqrt{2}}=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{8\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y}\right)=\left(a;b\right)\Rightarrow ab+a+b=3\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+2\sqrt{ab}\le3\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le1\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{3+b^2}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+1\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+a+ab+b}{ab+a+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+3}{4}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1+3}{4}\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\) hay \(x=y=1\)
có 1/x +2/y = 2/2x +2/2y =2 * ( 1/2x +1 /y ) >= 8/2x+y . suy ra 2x+y >= 4 . có 5x^2 +y-4xy+ý^2 = (2x-y)^2 +x^2 +y >= x^2 +y >= 2x+y -1
(vi x^2 +1 >= 2x suy ra x ^2 >= 2x -1 ) suy ra dpcm