Cho a,b,c > 0 va a+b+c=1
Chung minh \(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Mấy cái dấu "=" anh tự xét.
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
a) Áp dụng: \(VT\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}.\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
b) \(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}=\frac{3}{4}\)
BĐT phụ:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\left(true\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) ( đpcm )
Vậy.......
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{9}{abc+2}\Leftrightarrow abc+2\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
BĐT trên luôn đúng theo AM-GM vì: \(abc+2=abc+1+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Từ giả thiết ta có \(1+c^2=ab+bc+ac+c^2=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\) ; \(1+a^2=ab+bc+ac+a^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(1+b^2=ab+bc+ac+b^2=\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a+b}{1+c^2}+\frac{b+c}{1+a^2}+\frac{c+a}{1+b^2}=\frac{a+b}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy , ta có : \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{27\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^3}=\frac{27\left(a+b\right)^2}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{27\left(b+c\right)^2}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\) ; \(\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{27\left(c+a\right)^2}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}.3\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}.\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\) (Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki)
\(=\frac{9.4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}=\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\) (đpcm)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng phân thức cho các số không âm:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(''=''\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Trình bày như vậy khó lắm nếu bn ấy chưa tìm hiểu
BĐT
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=9\)( do a,b,c>0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}-2+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}-2+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}-2+\frac{c}{a}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{bc}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{ac}\ge0\)(đúng)
BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si :
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
Nhân theo vế của 2 bđt :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\cdot\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a)Áp dụng BĐT cosi-schwart:
`A=1/a+1/b+1/c>=9/(a+b+c)`
Mà `a+b+c<=3/2`
`=>A>=9:3/2=6`
Dấu "=" `<=>a=b=c=1/2`
b)Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
`a+1/(4a)>=1`
`b+1/(4b)>=1`
`c+1/(4c)>=1`
`=>a+b+c+1/(4a)+1/(4b)+1/(4c)>=3`
Ta có:
`1/a+1/b+1/c>=6`(Ở câu a)
`=>3/4(1/a+1/b+1/c)>=9/2`
`=>a+b+c+1/(a)+1/(b)+1/(c)>=3+9/2=15/2`
Dấu "=" `<=>a=b=c=1/2`
a)Áp dụng BĐT cosi-schwart:
A=1a+1b+1c≥9a+b+cA=1a+1b+1c≥9a+b+c
Mà a+b+c≤32a+b+c≤32
⇒A≥9:32=6⇒A≥9:32=6
Dấu "=" ⇔a=b=c=12⇔a=b=c=12
b)Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
a+14a≥1a+14a≥1
b+14b≥1b+14b≥1
c+14c≥1c+14c≥1
⇒a+b+c+14a+14b+14c≥3⇒a+b+c+14a+14b+14c≥3
Ta có:
1a+1b+1c≥61a+1b+1c≥6(Ở câu a)
⇒34(1a+1b+1c)≥92⇒34(1a+1b+1c)≥92
⇒a+b+c+1a+1b+1c≥3+92=152⇒a+b+c+1a+1b+1c≥3+92=152
Dấu "=" ⇔a=b=c=12
áp dụng bđt Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức ta có ngay :
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2}\)
đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1/3
vậy ta có đpcm