Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The ocean bottom- a region nearly 2.5 times greater than total land area of the Earth- is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil gas industry, the Dad’s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger’s core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.
The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world’s past climates. Deep-ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change-information that may be used to predict future climates
The author mention outer space in the first paragraph because______.
A. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment
B. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration
C. the Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to condition in outer space
D. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
Đáp án A.
Key words: outer space, first paragraph
Clue: Totally which without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, deep- ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the avoid of outer space: Hoàn toàn không có ánh sáng và phải chịu áp lực cao gấp hàng trăm lần so với bề mặt Trái đất, sâu dưới đáy đại dương là một môi trường khắc nghiệt với con người, xét về mặt nào đó xa xôi và cách trở như vũ trụ
A. it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment: nó và tầng đại dương giống nhau ở chỗ xa lạ với môi trường con người
B. techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration: kỹ thuật được các nhà khoa học sử dụng để khám phá vũ trụ tương tự như kỹ thuật được dùng trong thám hiểm đại dương
C. the Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to condition in outer space: khí hậu của Trái Đất hàng triệu năm trước tương tự như điều kiện ngoài vũ trụ
D. rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor: cấu tạo của đá ngoài vũ trụ tương tự như đá được tìm thấy ở tầng đại dương
Tầng đại dương và vũ trụ đều xa lạ với con người do đó đáp án chính xác là đáp án A