Question

[Lê Quỳnh Anh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

  Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness and its originality of perspective. Satire itself, however, rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false.

  Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley, and people were aware of famine before Swift.

  It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition, and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude.

          Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth, though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental, and only partially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it.

The word “refreshing” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.

A. popular

B. revitalizing

C. common

D. awakening

Answer 1

[Dương Hoàn Anh]

Đáp án D.

Key words: refreshing, the last paragraph, closest in meaning

Clue: “Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy”: Châm biếm tồn tại vì người ta có nhu cầu. Nó đã sống vì người đọc đánh giá cao một kích thích ..., một lời nhắc nhở không được hoan nghênh rằng họ sống trong một thế giới tư tưởng thiếu thận trọng, đạo đức rẻ tiền, và triết lý ngu xuẩn.

Phân tích đáp án:

  A. popular: phổ biến

  B. revitalizing: đem lại sức sống mới

  C. common: chung, thông thường

  D. awakening: thức tỉnh

Xét các phương án thì refreshing gần nghĩa nhất với awakening. Văn trào phúng thức tỉnh con người rằng họ đang sống trong một thế giới như thế nào.