Tính các tổng sau một cách hợp lí:
a) 1 3 + − 2 6 + 3 9
b) − 4 12 + 18 45 + − 6 9 + 24 30
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a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-5}{18}+\dfrac{32}{45}-\dfrac{9}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{-25}{90}+\dfrac{64}{90}-\dfrac{81}{90}\)
\(=\dfrac{-42}{90}=-\dfrac{7}{15}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{51}{33}-\dfrac{5}{3}\right)-\left(-\dfrac{15}{12}+\dfrac{6}{11}-\dfrac{42}{29}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{4}+\dfrac{17}{11}-\dfrac{5}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{6}{11}+\dfrac{42}{29}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5}{3}+\dfrac{42}{29}\)
\(=\dfrac{-145}{87}+\dfrac{126}{87}=\dfrac{-19}{87}\)
c) Ta có: \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+2-\dfrac{2}{3}+3-\dfrac{3}{4}+4-\dfrac{1}{4}-3-\dfrac{1}{3}-2-\dfrac{1}{2}-1\)
\(=\left(1-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(2-2\right)-\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+\left(3-3\right)-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+4\)
\(=-1-1-1+4\)
=1
a) Ta có: −518+3245−910−518+3245−910
=−2590+6490−8190=−2590+6490−8190
=−4290=−715=−4290=−715
b) Ta có: (−14+5133−53)−(−1512+611−4229)(−14+5133−53)−(−1512+611−4229)
=−14+1711−53+54−611+4229=−14+1711−53+54−611+4229
=−53+4229=−53+4229
=−14587+12687=−1987=−14587+12687=−1987
c) Ta có: 1−12+2−23+3−34+4−14−3−13−2−12−11−12+2−23+3−34+4−14−3−13−2−12−1
=(1−1)−(12+12)+(2−2)−(23+13)+(3−3)−(34+14)+4=(1−1)−(12+12)+(2−2)−(23+13)+(3−3)−(34+14)+4
=−1−1−1+4=−1−1−1+4
=1
1: \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{9}{10}+\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{11}{14}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{-4}{35}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+\dfrac{9}{10}-\left(\dfrac{11}{14}+\dfrac{4}{35}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3+5-2}{6}+\dfrac{9}{10}-\dfrac{55+8}{70}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{9}{10}-\dfrac{9}{10}\)
=1
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{-3}{10}+-\dfrac{7}{10}=\dfrac{2}{9}-1=\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{9}{9}=-\dfrac{7}{9}\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{-11}{6}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{-1}{6}=\left(-\dfrac{11}{6}+-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)+\dfrac{2}{5}=-2+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{-10}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{-8}{5}\)
\(c.\)
\(-\dfrac{5}{8}+\dfrac{12}{7}+\dfrac{13}{8}+\dfrac{2}{7}=\left(-\dfrac{5}{8}+\dfrac{13}{8}\right)+\left(\dfrac{12}{7}+\dfrac{2}{7}\right)=1+2=3\)
a)\(\frac{7}{3}.\left( { - 2,5} \right).\frac{6}{7} = \frac{7}{3}.\frac{6}{7}.\left( { - 2,5} \right) = 2.\left( { - 2,5} \right) = - 5\)
b)
\(\begin{array}{l}0,8.\frac{{ - 2}}{9} - \frac{4}{5}.\frac{7}{9} - 0,2\\ = \frac{4}{5}.\frac{{ - 2}}{9} - \frac{4}{5}.\frac{7}{9}-\frac{2}{10}\\ = \frac{4}{5}.\left( {\frac{{ - 2}}{9} - \frac{7}{9}} \right) -\frac{1}{5}\\ = \frac{4}{5}.\left( { - 1} \right)-\frac{1}{5} \\= \frac{{ - 4}}{5}-\frac{1}{5}\\=\frac{-5}{5}\\=-1.\end{array}\)
a) Ta có : 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +... + 16 + 18
SSH : (18 - 2) : 2 + 1 = 9(số)
Tổng : (2 + 18).9 : 2 = 90
\(A=\frac{27\cdot45+27\cdot45}{90}=\frac{27\left(45+45\right)}{90}=\frac{27\cdot90}{90}=27\)
b) Ta có : 135.1420 + 45.780.3 = 135.1420 + 135.780 = 135(1420 + 780) = 135.2200 (*)
3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + ... + 24 + 27
Số số hạng : (27 - 3) : 3 + 1 = 9(số)
Tổng : (3 + 27).9 : 2 = 135 (**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra
=> \(B=\frac{135\cdot2200}{135}=2200\)
a)
2 + 4 + 6 + ... + 16 + 18
Số số hạng :
( 18 - 2 ) / 2 + 1 = 9
Tổng :
( 18 + 2 ) x 9 / 2 = 90
\(A=\frac{27\cdot45+27\cdot45}{90}\)
\(=\frac{27\left(45+45\right)}{90}\)
\(=\frac{27\cdot90}{90}\)
\(=27\)
b)
3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + ... + 24 + 27
Số số hạng :
( 27 - 3 ) / 3 + 1 = 9
Tổng :
( 27 + 3 ) x 9 /2 = 135
\(B=\frac{135\cdot1420+45\cdot780\cdot3}{135}\)
\(=\frac{135\cdot1420+135\cdot780}{135}\)
\(=\frac{135\left(1420+780\right)}{135}\)
\(=\frac{135\cdot2200}{135}\)
= 2200
`5`
`a, -7/21 +(1+1/3)`
`=-7/21 + ( 3/3 + 1/3)`
`=-7/21+ 4/3`
`=-7/21+ 28/21`
`= 21/21`
`=1`
`b, 2/15 + ( 5/9 + (-6)/9)`
`= 2/15 + (-1/9)`
`= 1/45`
`c, (9-1/5+3/12) +(-3/4)`
`= ( 45/5-1/5 + 3/12)+(-3/4)`
`= ( 44/5 + 3/12)+(-3/4)`
`= 9,05 +(-0,75)`
`=8,3`
`6`
`x+7/8 =13/12`
`=>x= 13/12 -7/8`
`=>x=5/24`
`-------`
`-(-6)/12 -x=9/48`
`=> 6/12 -x=9/48`
`=>x= 6/12-9/48`
`=>x=5/16`
`---------`
`x+4/6 =5/25 -(-7)/15`
`=>x+4/6 =1/5 + 7/15`
`=> x+ 4/6=10/15`
`=>x=10/15 -4/6`
`=>x=0`
`----------`
`x+4/5 = 6/20 -(-7)/3`
`=>x+4/5 = 6/20 +7/3`
`=>x+4/5 = 79/30`
`=>x=79/30 -4/5`
`=>x= 79/30-24/30`
`=>x= 55/30`
`=>x= 11/6`
\(5)\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(A=\dfrac{-7}{21}+\dfrac{28}{21}\)
\(A=1\)
\(--------------\)
\(B=\dfrac{2}{15}+\left(\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{-6}{9}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{2}{15}+\dfrac{-1}{9}\)
\(B=\dfrac{18}{135}+\dfrac{-15}{135}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{45}\)
\(------------\)
\(C=9-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{44}{5}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{528}{60}+\dfrac{15}{60}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{181}{20}+\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
\(C=\dfrac{181}{20}+\dfrac{-15}{20}\)
\(C=\dfrac{83}{10}\)
\(6)\)
\(a)\) \(x+\dfrac{7}{8}=\dfrac{13}{12}\)
\(x=\dfrac{13}{12}-\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{104}{96}-\dfrac{84}{96}\)
\(x=\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(b)\) \(\dfrac{-6}{12}-x=\dfrac{9}{48}\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{2}-x=\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-8}{16}-\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-11}{16}\)
\(c)\) \(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{5}{25}-\left(-\dfrac{7}{15}\right)\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{5}{25}+\dfrac{7}{15}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{75}{375}+\dfrac{105}{375}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{6}=\dfrac{12}{25}\)
\(x=\dfrac{12}{25}-\dfrac{4}{6}\)
\(x=\dfrac{72}{150}-\dfrac{100}{150}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-14}{75}\)
\(d)\) \(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{6}{20}-\left(-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{6}{20}+\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{18}{60}+\dfrac{140}{60}\)
\(x+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{79}{30}\)
\(x=\dfrac{79}{30}-\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(x=\dfrac{79}{30}-\dfrac{24}{30}\)
\(x=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
a) 1 - 3 + 5 - 7 + 9 - 11
= (1 - 3) + (5 - 7) + (9 - 11)
= (-2) + (-2) + (-2)
= -6
b) -14 - 16 - 18 - ... - 92
= - (14 + 16 + 18 + .... + 92)
Áp dụng công thức tính dãy số ta có :
14 + 16 + 18 + .... + 92 = 2120
= -2120
c) 15 + 18 + 21 + .... + 63 + 66 + 70
= (15 + 18 + 21 + ..... + 66) + 70
Áp dụng công thức tính dãy số ta có :
15 + 18 + ..... + 66 = 729
= 729 + 70
= 8799
d) 2 - 3 + 4 - 5 + 6 - 7 + 8 - 9 + 10
= (2 - 3) + (4 - 5) + (6 - 7) + (8 - 9) + 10
= (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + 10
= 6
a) (-2 019) + (-550) + (-451) = [(-2 019) + (-451)] + (-550) = (-2 470) + (-550) = -(2 470 + 550) = -3 020
b) (-2) + 5 + (-6) + 9 = [(-2) + 5 ]+[ (-6) + 9] = 3 + 3 = 6
a) 1 3 + − 2 6 + 3 9 = 1 3 + − 1 3 + 1 3 = 1 3
b) − 4 12 + 18 45 + − 6 9 + 24 30 = − 1 3 + 2 5 + − 2 3 + 4 5 = − 1 + 6 5 = 1 5