Cho x,y là hai số không âm x+y=1
Chứng minh \(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}\le1\)
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\(\text{Ta có:}\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x^2+x+y^2+y}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy+1}{xy+x+y+1}=\frac{1-2xy+1}{xy+2}\)
\(=\frac{2-2xy}{2+xy}\)
\(\text{Vì }2-2xy\le2+xy\left(do\text{ x,y không âm}\right)\text{ nên }\frac{2-2xy}{2+xy}\le1\)
\(=>\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}\le1\)
x,y,z không âm thỏa mãn
\(1\ge\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+3}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z+6}\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
\(P=\frac{a+b+c}{9}+\frac{1}{a+b+c}+\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8.3}{9}=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)
P min = 10/3 khi a+b+c = 3
Ta có: \(x+\left(y+1\right)\ge2.\sqrt{x.\left(y+1\right)}=2.\sqrt{xy+x}\)
\(y+\left(x+1\right)\ge2.\sqrt{y.\left(x+1\right)}=2.\sqrt{xy+y}\)
\(1+\left(x+y\right)\ge2.\sqrt{x+y}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+1}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{x+y}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y+1}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\sqrt{yx+x}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{xy+y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}}\)
\(=\frac{2x}{2\sqrt{yx+x}}+\frac{2y}{2\sqrt{xy+y}}+\frac{2}{2\sqrt{x+y}}\)
\(\ge\frac{2x}{x+y+1}+\frac{2y}{x+y+1}+\frac{21}{x+y+1}=\frac{2\left(x+y+1\right)}{x+y+1}=2\)
đpcm
Tham khảo nhé~
Bài này áp dụng BĐT này nhé , với x,y > 0 ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\) ( Cách chứng minh thì chuyển vế quy đồng nhé )
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+x\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Do đó : \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế có: \(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=1\)
Có:x+y =1 => (x+y)2 = 1 => x2 + y2 = 1-2xy
\(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x\left(x+1\right)+y\left(y+1\right)}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{x^2+x+y^2+y}{yx+y+x+1}=\frac{1-2xy+1}{yx+2}\)\(=\frac{2-2xy}{2+yx}\)
Vì x,y không âm
=> \(-xy\le xy\)
=> \(-2xy\le xy\)
=>\(2-2xy\le2+xy\)
=> \(\frac{2-2xy}{2+xy}\le1\)
=> đpcm