\(\frac{3}{-5}< 2x-1\le3\frac{1}{2}\) với \(x\) ϵ \(Z\)
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Viết lại thành : \(\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{y}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{z}{\dfrac{5}{4}}\)
Dựa theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+y+z}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)
-> x = \(12.\dfrac{3}{2}=18\)
y =\(12.\dfrac{4}{3}=16\)
z =\(12.\dfrac{5}{4}\) = 15
A=\(\frac{3}{x-1}\)
muốn A nguyên thì x-1=Ư(3)={-1,1,3,-3}
x-1=1=>x=2
x-1=-1=>x=0
x-1=3=>x=4
x-1=-3=>x=-2
KL:...
B=\(x+\frac{2}{x+3}\)
muốn B nguyên thì x+3 =Ư(2)={1,2,-1,-2}
x+3=1=>x=-2
x+3=-1=>x=-4
x+3=2=>x=-1
x+3=-2=>x=-5
C=\(\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)
muốn C nguyên thì x-3 =Ư(7)={-1,-7,1,7}
x-3=-1=>x=2
x-3=1=>x=4
x-3=-7=>x=-4
x-3=7=>x=10
D=\(\frac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
=x-1 muốn D nguyen thì x nguyên
kl: X thuộc Z
\(\left(-\frac{2}{3}:-\frac{1}{3}\right).\left(-\frac{9}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{4}< \frac{x}{8}< -\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3}{4}:\frac{1}{8}+1\)
\(2.\left(-\frac{9}{2}\right)-\frac{1}{4}< \frac{x}{8}< \left(-3\right)+1\)
\(\left(-9\right)-\frac{1}{4}< \frac{x}{8}< \left(-2\right)\)
\(\left(-\frac{37}{4}\right)< \frac{x}{8}< \left(-2\right)\)
\(-\frac{74}{8}< \frac{x}{8}< -\frac{16}{8}\)
Vậy -74<x<-16
y=\(\frac{x^4-2x^3+1}{x^2+1}\)=\(x^2\)-2x-1 + \(\frac{2x+2}{x^2+1}\)=\(x^2\)-2x-1 + \(\frac{2\left(x+1\right)}{x^2+1}\)
vì x và y đều nguyên nên \(x^2\)+1 phải là ước của x+1
vì x+1 <= \(x^2\)+1
nên ta có \(x^2\)+1 = x+1
=> x=0 hoặc x=1
với x=0 thì y=1
với x=1 thì y =0
vậy ta có (x;y)=(0;1); (1;0)
5/ Tưỡng dễ ăn = sos + bđt phụ ai ngờ....hic...
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ca\left(c-a\right)-bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ca\left(c-a\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge0\left(\text{đúng}\right)\)
Ai ngờ nổi khi không dùng BĐT phụ lại dễ hơn cái kia chứ -_-
chứng minh \(\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\)
ta có \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2+1\ge2x\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{1+x^2}\le1\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow y^2+1\ge2y\Leftrightarrow\frac{2y}{1+y^2}\le1\)
\(\left(z-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow z^2+1\ge2z\Leftrightarrow\frac{2z}{1+z^2}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{1+x^2}+\frac{2y}{1+y^2}+\frac{2x}{1+z^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
ta lại có \(\frac{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
vậy \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{\left(1+x\right)+\left(1+y\right)+\left(1+z\right)}{3}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
kết hợp ta có \(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\le\frac{3}{2}\le\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\)
a) \(A=\frac{-\sqrt{x}+2+4}{\sqrt{x}-2}=-1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
Để \(A\in Z\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2\in\left\{-4;-2;-1;1;2;4\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{-2;0;1;3;4;6\right\}\)
Mà \(x\in Z;\sqrt{x}\ge0\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1;9;16;36\right\}\)
b)\(A=\frac{4\sqrt{x}-2+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}=2+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Để \(A\in Z\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x}\in\left\{-2;0;2;4\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{-1;0;1;2\right\}\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
Lời giải:
a)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq 0; x\neq - 1\)
\(M=\frac{(x+2)(x+1)+2.3x-3.3x(x+1)}{3x(x+1)}:\frac{2-4x}{x+1}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{-8x^2+2}{3x(x+1)}.\frac{x+1}{2-4x}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{2(1-4x^2)}{3x(2-4x)}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{2(1-2x)(1+2x)}{6x(1-2x)}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{1+2x}{3x}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{x^2-x}{3x}=\frac{x-1}{3}\)
b)
Khi $x=2006\Rightarrow M=\frac{2006-1}{3}=\frac{2005}{3}$
c)
\(M< 0\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-1}{3}< 0\Leftrightarrow x-1< 0\Leftrightarrow x< 1\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ suy ra $x< 1; x\neq 0; x\neq -1$
d)
Để \(\frac{1}{M}=\frac{3}{x-1}\in\mathbb{Z}\) thì \(3\vdots x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-2;4\right\}\)
Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x\in\left\{-2;2;4\right\}$
Lời giải:
a)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\neq 0; x\neq - 1\)
\(M=\frac{(x+2)(x+1)+2.3x-3.3x(x+1)}{3x(x+1)}:\frac{2-4x}{x+1}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{-8x^2+2}{3x(x+1)}.\frac{x+1}{2-4x}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{2(1-4x^2)}{3x(2-4x)}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{2(1-2x)(1+2x)}{6x(1-2x)}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{1+2x}{3x}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}=\frac{x^2-x}{3x}=\frac{x-1}{3}\)
b)
Khi $x=2006\Rightarrow M=\frac{2006-1}{3}=\frac{2005}{3}$
c)
\(M< 0\Leftrightarrow \frac{x-1}{3}< 0\Leftrightarrow x-1< 0\Leftrightarrow x< 1\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ suy ra $x< 1; x\neq 0; x\neq -1$
d)
Để \(\frac{1}{M}=\frac{3}{x-1}\in\mathbb{Z}\) thì \(3\vdots x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\in\left\{\pm 1;\pm 3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-2;4\right\}\)
Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x\in\left\{-2;2;4\right\}$
Bài làm
Ta có: \(\frac{3}{-5}< 2x-1\le3\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{-5}< 2x-1\le\frac{7}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{6}{10}< \frac{20x-10}{10}\le\frac{35}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow-6< 20x-10\le35\)
Mà x thuộc Z
=> 20x -10 = { -5; -4; -3; -2; -1; 0; ....; 34; 35 }
Thay 20x-10 = -5 => 20x = -5 => x = -1/4
~ Thay từng trường hợp là đc.