Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
X^20+X+1
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\(x^5+x+1\)
\(=x^5+x^4+x^3-x^4-x^3-x^2+x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(x^2\left(x-3\right)-4x+12=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
=x²(x-3)-4x+3.4
=x²(x-3)-4(x+3)
=x²(x-3)+4(x-3)
=(x-3)(x²+4)
=(x-3)(x²+2²)
=(x-3)(x-2)(x+2)
\(x-y-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\\ =x-y-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\\ =\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\\ =\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-1\right)\)
=(x-y)-(căn x+căn y)
=(căn x-căn y)(căn x+căn y)-(căn x+căn y)
=(căn x+căn y)(căn x-căn y-1)
\(=\left(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+y-\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\)
\(x^3-2xy-x^2y+2y^2=\left(x^3-x^2y\right)-\left(2xy-2y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-y\right)-2y\left(x-y\right)=\left(x^2-2y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-y\right)-2y\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-2y\right)\)
\(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1=\left(x^4+x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
Dễ thấy \(x^2+1>0\); \(x^2+x+1=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\) nên ta không thể phân tích thêm được nữa.
Vậy \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\).
Câu 1:
\(=x^2-\left(y-4\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4\right)\cdot\left(x+y-4\right)\)
x20 + x + 1 = (x20 - x2) + (x2 + x + 1)
= x2(x18 - 1) + (x2 + x + 1)
= x2(x9 - 1)(x9 + 1) + (x2 + x + 1)
=(x11 + x)(x3 - 1)(x6 + x3 + 1) + (x2 + x + 1)
= (x17 + x14 + x11 + x7 + x4 + x)(x - 1)(x2 + x + 1) + (x2 + x + 1)
= (x2 + x + 1)(x18 + x15 + x12 + x8 + x5 + x2 - x17 - x14 - x11 - x7 - x4 - x + 1)