tính nhanh
1+2+4+8+...+256+512
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Ta gọi tổng trên là A
A = 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ... + 256 + 512
A x 2 = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ... + 256
A x 2 - A = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + ... + 512 + 1024 - 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ... + 256 + 512
A = 1024 - 1 = 1023
Đáp số: 1023
Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{256}+\dfrac{1}{512}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{128}+\dfrac{1}{256}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{128}+\dfrac{1}{256}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}-...-\dfrac{1}{256}-\dfrac{1}{512}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{1}{512}=\dfrac{511}{512}\)
1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + ... + 1/256 + 1/512
= 256/512 + 128/512 + 64/512 + ... + 2/512 + 1/512
= 256 + 128 + 64 + .. + 2 + 1 / 512
= ???????
s=1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+.....+1/256+1/512
sx2=(1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+....+1/256+1/512)x2
sx2=1+1/2+1/4+1/8+......+1/126+1/256
sx2-s=(1+1/2+1/4+1/8+......+1/256)-(1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16++.....+1/256+1/512)
1+1/2+1/4+1/8+......+1/256-1/2-1/4-1/8-1/16-.....1/256-1/512
=1-1/512=511/512
Ta có: A =1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+....+1/256+1/512
=> 2A = 1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ...+ 1/128 + 1/256
=> 2A - A = (1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ...+ 1/128 + 1/256 -(1/2+1/4+1/8+1/16+....+1/256+1/512 )
A = 1 - 1/512 = 511/512
1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/32 + 1/64 + 1/128 + 1/256 + 1/512
A x 2 = 1/4 ( 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + .......... + 1/512 ) - 1/512
A x 2 = 1/4 - A - 1/512
A x 2 - A = 1/4 - 1/512
A = 1/4 - 1/512
A = 127/512
1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16 + 1/32 + 1/64 + 1/128 + 1/256 + 1/512
= 1/2 - 1/4 + 1/4 - 1/8 + ... + 1/256 - 1/512
= 1/2 - 1/512
= 255/512
A = 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ... + 1/1024
2A = 1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + ... + 1/512
2A - A = (1 + 1/2 + 1/4 + ... + 1/512) - (1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ... + 1/1024)
A = 1 - 1/1024
A = 1023/1024
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}+....+\frac{1}{1024}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{512}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=1-\frac{1}{1024}\)
\(A=\frac{1023}{1024}\)
Ta đặt:
S=1+2+4+8+...+256+512
S=20+21+22+23+...+28+29
2S=(20+21+22+23+...+28+29).2
2S=20.2+21.2+22.2+23.2+...+28.2+29.2
2S=21+22+23+...+28+29+210
Do đó:
2S-S=(21+22+23+...+28+29+210)-(20+21+22+23+...+28+29)
=>S=210-20
S=1024-1=1023