1) Giải các pt:
\(1-\frac{x+3}{4}-\frac{x-2}{6}=0\)
2) Giải các pt tích:
a) (x +4)(x - 1)= 0
b) (3x - 2)(4x - 7)= 0
c) (x + 5)(x\(^2\)+1)=0
d) x(x - 1)(x\(^2\) + 4)= 0
e) (3x + 2) (x + \(\frac{1}{2}\))= 0
f) (x + 2) (x - 3) (x\(^2\) + 7)= 0
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bài 1:
a) ĐKXĐ: x khác 0; x khác -1
\(\frac{x-1}{x}+\frac{1-2x}{x^2+x}=\frac{1}{x+1}\)
<=> \(\frac{x-1}{x}+\frac{1-2x}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{1}{x+1}\)
<=> (x - 1)(x + 1) + 1 - 2x = x
<=> x^2 - 2x = x
<=> x^2 - 2x - x = 0
<=> x^2 - 3x = 0
<=> x(x - 3) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x - 3 = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = 0 + 3
<=> x = 0 (ktm) hoặc x = 3 (tm)
=> x = 3
b) ĐKXĐ: x khác +-3; x khác -7/2
\(\frac{13}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+7\right)}+\frac{1}{2x+7}=\frac{6}{x^2-9}\)
<=> \(\frac{13}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+7\right)}+\frac{1}{2x+7}=\frac{6}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
<=> 13(x + 3) + (x - 3)(x + 3) = 6(2x + 7)
<=> 13x + 30 + x^2 = 12x + 42
<=> 13x + 30 + x^2 - 12x - 42 = 0
<=> x - 12 + x^2 = 0
<=> (x - 3)(x + 4) = 0
<=> x - 3 = 0 hoặc x + 4 = 0
<=> x = 0 + 3 hoặc x = 0 - 4
<=> x = 3 (ktm) hoặc x = -4 (tm)
=> x = -4
c) ĐKXĐ: x khác +-1
\(\frac{x}{x-1}-\frac{2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)
<=> x(x + 1) - 2x = 0
<=> x^2 + x - 2x = 0
<=> x^2 - x = 0
<=> x(x - 1) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x - 1 = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = 0 + 1
<=> x = 0 (tm) hoặc x = 1 (ktm)
=> x = 0
d) \(\frac{x^2+2x}{x^2+1}-2x=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x\left(x+2\right)}{x^2+1}-2x=0\)
<=> x(x + 2) - 2x(x^2 + 1) = 0
<=> x^2 - 2x^3 = 0
<=> x^2(1 - 2x) = 0
<=> x^2 = 0 hoặc 1 - 2x = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc -2x = 0 - 1
<=> x = 0 hoặc -2x = -1
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = 1/2
bài 2:
(x - 1)(x^2 + 3x - 2) - (x^3 - 1) = 0
<=> x^3 + 3x^2 - 2x - x^2 - 3x + 2 - x^2 + 1 = 0
<=> 2x^2 - 2x - 3x + 3 = 0
<=> 2x(x - 1) - 3(x - 1) = 0
<=> (2x - 3)(x - 1) = 0
<=> 2x - 3 = 0 hoặc x - 1 = 0
<=> 2x = 0 + 3 hoặc x = 0 + 1
<=> 2x = 3 hoặc x = 1
<=> x = 3/2 hoặc x = 1
bài 3:
(x^3 + x^2) + (x^2 + x) = 0
<=> x^3 + x^2 + x^2 + x = 0
<=> x^3 + 2x^2 + x = 0
<=> x(x^2 + 2x + 1) = 0
<=> x(x + 1)^2 = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x + 1 = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = 0 - 1
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = -1
a)
\(\left(5x+3\right)\cdot\left(x^2+4\right)\cdot\left(x-4\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x+3=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{3}{5}\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\left(4x-1\right)\cdot\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\cdot\left(5x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x-x+3-5x^2-2x+10x+4=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2-5x+7=0\\ \Rightarrow x=\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\frac{5+\sqrt{53}}{2}\\-\frac{5-\sqrt{53}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
\(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(x-5\right)+\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(3x-4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(x-5+3x-4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\cdot\left(4x-9\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\4x-9=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=\frac{9}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d)
\(\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(3x-1\right)+x^2-36=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(3x-1\right)+\left(x^2-36\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(3x-1\right)+\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(x-6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(3x-1+x-6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\cdot\left(4x-7\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+6=0\\4x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-6\\x=\frac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e)
\(0.75x\cdot\left(x+5\right)=\left(x+5\right)\cdot\left(3-1.25x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow0.75x\cdot\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+5\right)\cdot\left(3-1.25x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\cdot\left(0.75x-3+1.25x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\cdot\left(2x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\2x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) 3x(x - 1) + 2(x - 1) = 0
<=> (3x + 2)(x - 1) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy S = {-2/3; 1}
b) x2 - 1 - (x + 5)(2 - x) = 0
<=> x2 - 1 - 2x + x2 - 10 + 5x = 0
<=> 2x2 + 3x - 11 = 0
<=> 2(x2 + 3/2x + 9/16 - 97/16) = 0
<=> (x + 3/4)2 - 97/16 = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{\sqrt{97}}{4}\\x+\frac{3}{4}=-\frac{\sqrt{97}}{4}\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{\sqrt{97}-3}{4}\\x=-\frac{\sqrt{97}-3}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy S = {\(\frac{\sqrt{97}-3}{4}\); \(-\frac{\sqrt{97}-3}{4}\)
d) x(2x - 3) - 4x + 6 = 0
<=> x(2x - 3) - 2(2x - 3) = 0
<=> (x - 2)(2x - 3) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\2x-3=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy S = {2; 3/2}
e) x3 - 1 = x(x - 1)
<=> (x - 1)(x2 + x + 1) - x(x - 1) = 0
<=> (x - 1)(x2 + x + 1 - x) = 0
<=> (x - 1)(x2 + 1) = 0
<=> x - 1 = 0
<=> x = 1
Vậy S = {1}
f) (2x - 5)2 - x2 - 4x - 4 = 0
<=> (2x - 5)2 - (x + 2)2 = 0
<=> (2x - 5 - x - 2)(2x - 5 + x + 2) = 0
<=> (x - 7)(3x - 3) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-7=0\\3x-3=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=7\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy S = {7; 1}
h) (x - 2)(x2 + 3x - 2) - x3 + 8 = 0
<=> (x - 2)(x2 + 3x - 2) - (x- 2)(x2 + 2x + 4) = 0
<=> (x - 2)(x2 + 3x - 2 - x2 - 2x - 4) = 0
<=> (x - 2)(x - 6) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x-6=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=6\end{cases}}\)
Vậy S = {2; 6}
\(a,3x\left(x-1\right)+2\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(3x.x-3x+2x-2=0\)
\(2x-2=0\)
\(2x=2\)
\(x=1\)
a) \(2x^3+3x^2-8x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^3-8x\right)+\left(3x^2-12\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2-4\right)+3\left(x^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-2=0\)
hoặc \(x+2=0\)
hoặc \(2x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=2\)
hoặc \(x=-2\)
hoặc \(x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2;-2;-\frac{3}{2}\right\}\)
b) \(x^3-4x^2-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x-4=0\)
hoặc \(x-1=0\)
hoặc \(x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=4\)
hoặc \(x=1\)
hoặc \(x=-1\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{4;1;-1\right\}\)
c) \(x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x^2+x+1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\left(tm\right)\\\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{2\right\}\)
d) \(x^4-3x^3+3x^2-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{0;1\right\}\)
e) \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+3\right)=x^3+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+3\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x^2-2x+3=x^2-x+1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-1;2\right\}\)
g) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1=4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=4\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2=4\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x+1=\pm2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\x=-3\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(x=1\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{-1;1;-3\right\}\)
b) \(x^3-4x^2-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\x^2-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=\pm1\end{cases}}\)
c) \(x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) ( Do \(x^2+x+1>0\) )
\(3x^2+7x-20=0\)
Ta có \(\Delta=7^2+4.3.20=289,\sqrt{\Delta}=17\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-7+17}{6}=\frac{5}{3}\\x=\frac{-7-17}{6}=-4\end{cases}}\)
a) \(2x-\frac{3x-1}{3}=2+\frac{x-3}{4}\)
<=> 24x - 4(3x - 1) = 24 + 3(x - 3)
<=> 24x - 12x - 4 = 24 + 3x - 9
<=> 12x + 4 = 24 + 3x - 9
<=> 12x + 4 = 3x + 15
<=> 12x = 3x + 15 - 4
<=> 12x = 3x + 11
<=> 12x - 3x = 11
<=> 9x = 11
<=> x = 11/9
Vậy: tập nghiệm phương trình: S = {11/9}
b) \(\frac{x-5}{2}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{x-2}{3}-x\)
<=> 3(x - 5) + 3/2 = 2(x - 2) - 6x
<=> 3x - 15 + 3/2 = 2x - 4 - 6x
<=> 3x - 27/2 = -4x - 4
<=> 3x = -4x - 4 + 27/2
<=> 3x = -4x + 19/2
<=> 3x + 4x = 19/2
<=> 7x = 19/2
<=> x = 19/14
Vậy: tập nghiệm phương trình: S = {19/14}
c) \(\frac{5x-3}{6}-\frac{7x-1}{4}=\frac{4x+2}{8}-5\)
<=> \(\frac{5x-3}{6}-\frac{7x-1}{4}=\frac{2\left(2x+1\right)}{8}-5\)
<=> \(\frac{5x-3}{6}-\frac{7x-1}{4}=\frac{2x+1}{4}-5\)
<=> 2(5x - 3) - 3(7x - 1) = 3(2x + 1) - 60
<=> 10x - 6 - 21x + 3 = 6x + 3 - 60
<=> -11x - 3 = 6x - 57
<=> -3 = 6x - 57 + 11x
<=> -3 = 17x - 57
<=> -3 + 57 = 17x
<=> 54 = 17x
<=> x = 54/17
Vậy: tập nghiệm phương trình: S = {59/17}
d) 3x2 + 7x - 20 = 0
<=> 3x2 + 12x - 5x - 20 = 0
<=> 3x(x + 4) - 5(x + 4) = 0
<=> (x + 4)(3x - 5) = 0
<=> x + 4 = 0 hoặc 3x - 5 = 0
<=> x = -4 hoặc x = 5/3
Vậy: tập nghiệm phương trình: S = {-4; 5/3}
e) x3 - 3x + 2 = 0
<=> (x2 + x - 2)(x - 1) = 0
<=> (x - 1)(x + 2)(x - 1) = 0
<=> x - 1 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
<=> x = 1 hoặc x = -2
Vậy: tập nghiệm phương trình: S = {1; -2}
a) \(\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)=\left(2x+1\right)\left(5x-8\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\left(5x-8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(2x+1\right)\left(3x-2-5x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(2x+1\right)\left(6-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+1=0\\6-2x=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-0,5\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy...
b) \(ĐKXĐ:\) \(x\ne-2;\) \(x\ne4\)
\(\frac{3}{x+2}+\frac{2}{x-4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{3\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\frac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{3x-12+2x+4}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{5x-8}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(5x-8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{8}{5}\) (T/m đkxđ)
Vậy...
c) \(x^3+4x^2+4x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^3+3x^2+x^2+3x+x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2\left(x+3\right)+x\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+3=0\) (do \(x^2+x+1=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\) \(\forall x\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-3\)
Vậy...
Bài 2 :
a, Ta có : \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có : \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\4x-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\4x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=\frac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có : \(\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\x^2+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x^2+1=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, Ta có : \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-1=0\\x^2+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x^2+4=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
e, Ta có : \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\x+\frac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f, Ta có : \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+7\right)=0\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\\x^2+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\\x^2+7=0\left(VL\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1 :
a, Ta có : \(1-\frac{x+3}{4}-\frac{x-2}{6}=0\)
=> \(\frac{12}{12}-\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{12}-\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{12}=0\)
=> \(12-3\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x-2\right)=0\)
=> \(12-3x-9-2x+4=0\)
=> \(-5x=-7\)
=> \(x=\frac{7}{5}\)