Cho \(x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}=3.\) Tìm Min \(x^2+y^2+z^2\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Lời giải:
Đặt \(\frac{x}{a}=m; \frac{y}{b}=n; \frac{z}{c}=p\). Khi đó:
ĐKĐB $\Leftrightarrow \frac{a^2m^2+b^2n^2+c^2p^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=m^2+n^2+p^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2m^2+b^2n^2+c^2p^2=(a^2+b^2+c^2)(m^2+n^2+p^2)$
$\Leftrightarrow a^2n^2+a^2p^2+b^2m^2+b^2p^2+c^2m^2+c^2n^2=0$
$\Rightarrow an=ap=bm=bp=cm=cn=0$
Vì $a,b,c\neq 0$ nên $m=n=p=0$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z=0$
Khi đó:
$\frac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=0$
$\frac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}=\frac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}=\frac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=0$
$\Rightarrow$ đpcm
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi cho 2019 số dương \(x^{2019};x^{2019};1;1;1;...;1\) (2017 số 1)
\(x^{2019}+x^{2019}+1+1+1+...+1\ge2019\sqrt[2019]{x^{2019}.x^{2019}.1.1.1.....1}=2019x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^{2019}+2017\ge2019x^2\)(1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x^{2015}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Tương tự: \(2y^{2019}+2017\ge2019y^2\left(2\right),2z^2+2019\ge2019z^2\left(3\right)\)
Do đó từ (1), (2) và (3) được: \(2\left(x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}\right)+6051\ge2019\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.3+6051\ge2019\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\Leftrightarrow2019\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le6057\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\le3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Vậy GTLN của E là 3 khi x = y = z = 1
Có \(y^2+2019=y^2+xy+yz+zx=y\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(x^2+2019=x^2+xy+yz+zx=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(z^2+2019=z^2+xy+yz+xz=z\left(z+y\right)+x\left(y+z\right)=\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Có \(P=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y^2+2019\right)\left(z^2+2019\right)}{x^2+2019}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(z^2+2019\right)\left(x^2+2019\right)}{y^2+2019}}+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+2019\right)\left(y^2+2019\right)}{z^2+2019}}\)
=\(x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
=\(x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
=\(x\left|y+z\right|+y\left|x+z\right|+z\left|x+y\right|\)
=\(x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\) (vì x,y,z >0)
= xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+yz
=2(xy+xz+yz)=2.2019(vì xy+xz+yz=2019)
=4038
Vậy P=4038
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ne0\\b\ne0\\c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+\dfrac{x^2\cdot\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2}+y^2+\dfrac{y^2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}{b^2}+z^2+\dfrac{z^2\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\cdot\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+y^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2}+z^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=0\)(1)
Vì (1) luôn không âm mà a,b,c≠0
nên x=y=z=0
⇒\(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}+0^{2019}+0^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=0\)
mà \(\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=0\)
nên \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)
\(x^2=yz\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y}=\frac{z}{x}\left(1\right)\)
\(y^2=xz\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y}=\frac{y}{z}=\frac{z}{x}=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Thay y, z bằng x \(\Rightarrow M=\frac{3.x^{2019}}{\left(3x\right)^{2019}}=\frac{3x^{2019}}{3^{2019}.x^{2019}}=\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\)