Rút gọn biểu thức
A = (x^2 - yz)/(x + y)(x + z) + (y^2 - xz)/(y + x)(y + z) + (z^2 - xy)/(z + x)(z + y)
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\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(z^2+yz-x^2-xz\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x\right)+y\left(z-x\right)\right]}=\dfrac{1}{\left(z-x\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x^2+xz-y^2-yz\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(z-x\right)\left(y^2+xy-z^2-xz\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(z-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{y-z-z+x-x+y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{x^2+xy-xy-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y^2-xz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}=\frac{y}{y+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}\)
\(\frac{z^2-xz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}=\frac{z}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+z}\)
Do đó: \(A=\frac{x}{x+z}-\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}-\frac{x}{x+z}=0\)
\(A=\frac{x^2-yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y^2-xz}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z^2-xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2-yz\right)\left(y+z\right)+\left(y^2-xz\right)\left(z+x\right)+\left(z^2-xy\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2y+x^2z-y^2z-yz^2+y^2z+y^2x-xz^2-x^2z+z^2x+z^2y-x^2y-xy^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{0}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=0\)
Vậy : \(A=0\)
\(\frac{(x^2-yz)(y+z)}{(x+y)(x+z)(y+z)}\) = \(\frac{(y^2-xz)(x+z)}{(x+y)(x+z)(y+z)}\)= \(\frac{(z^2-xy)(x+y)}{(x+y)(x+z)(y+z)}\)
\(x^2+y^2-z^2=x^2+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)=x^2-x\left(y-z\right)=x\left(x-y+z\right)=x\left(-y-y\right)=-2xy\)
Tương tự \(x^2+z^2-y^2=-2xz;y^2+z^2-x^2=-2yz\)
Cộng VTV:
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Biểu thức }=\dfrac{xy}{-2xy}+\dfrac{xz}{-2xz}+\dfrac{yz}{-2yz}=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2-2xy\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)-2xy\)
\(=-2xy\)
Ta có: \(x^2+z^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+z\right)^2-y^2-2xz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+z-y\right)-2xz\)
\(=-2xz\)
Ta có: \(y^2+z^2-x^2\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)^2-x^2-2yz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(y+z-x\right)-2yz\)
\(=-2yz\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2-z^2}+\dfrac{xz}{x^2+z^2-y^2}+\dfrac{yz}{y^2+z^2-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy}{-2xy}+\dfrac{xz}{-2xz}+\dfrac{yz}{-2yz}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{-2}+\dfrac{1}{-2}+\dfrac{1}{-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(M=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz}{x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)}{x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz}\)
\(=x+y+z\)
\(x;y;z\ne0\). Giả thiết của đề bài:
\(\frac{xy}{x+y}=\frac{yz}{y+z}=\frac{xz}{z+x}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{y+z}{yz}=\frac{x+z}{xz}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{z}.\)
=> x = y = z
Do đó, M = 1.
@Nguyễn Việt Lâm
@Khôi Bùi