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\(x^2+y^2-z^2=x^2+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)=x^2-x\left(y-z\right)=x\left(x-y+z\right)=x\left(-y-y\right)=-2xy\)
Tương tự \(x^2+z^2-y^2=-2xz;y^2+z^2-x^2=-2yz\)
Cộng VTV:
\(\Leftrightarrow\text{Biểu thức }=\dfrac{xy}{-2xy}+\dfrac{xz}{-2xz}+\dfrac{yz}{-2yz}=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Giả thiết tương đương xy + yz + zx = 0.
Từ đó dễ dàng chứng minh được \(\left(xy\right)^3+\left(yz\right)^3+\left(zx\right)^3=3xy.yz.zx=3x^2y^2z^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(xy\right)^3+\left(yz\right)^3+\left(zx\right)^3}{3x^2y^2z^2}=\dfrac{xy}{z^2}+\dfrac{yz}{x^2}+\dfrac{zx}{y^2}\).
\(x+y+z=3\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=9\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\left(\text{vì:}x^2+y^2+z^2=9\right)\)
\(xy+yz+zx=0\Rightarrow xy=-yz-zx;yz=-xy-xz;xz=-xy-yz\)
\(P=\frac{-x\left(y+z\right)}{x^2}+\frac{-y\left(z+x\right)}{y^2}+\frac{-z\left(x+y\right)}{z}-4=\frac{y+z}{-x}+\frac{z+y}{-y}+\frac{x+y}{-z}-4\)
\(P=\frac{3}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{3}{z}-1=\frac{3yz+3xz+3xy}{xyz}-1=0-1=-1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
\(\Rightarrow yz=-xy-zx\Rightarrow\dfrac{yz}{x^2+2yz}=\dfrac{yz}{x^2+yz-xy-zx}=\dfrac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{xz}{y^2+2xz}=\dfrac{xz}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}\) ; \(\dfrac{xy}{z^2+2xy}=\dfrac{xy}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{-yz\left(y-z\right)-zx\left(z-x\right)-xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}=1\)
Bài này ez thôi, làm mãi rồi.
Theo đề bài, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\)
=> xy+yz+zx=0
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=-yz-zx\\yz=-xy-zx\\zx=-xy-yz\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: x2+2yz=x2+yz-xy-zx=(x-y)(x-z)
y2+2xz=y2+xz-xy-yz=(x-y)(z-y)
z2+2xy=z2+xy-yz-xz=(x-z)(y-z)
=> \(\dfrac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\dfrac{xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)}+\dfrac{xy}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=1\)
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2-2xy\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)-2xy\)
\(=-2xy\)
Ta có: \(x^2+z^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+z\right)^2-y^2-2xz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+z-y\right)-2xz\)
\(=-2xz\)
Ta có: \(y^2+z^2-x^2\)
\(=\left(y+z\right)^2-x^2-2yz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(y+z-x\right)-2yz\)
\(=-2yz\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{xy}{x^2+y^2-z^2}+\dfrac{xz}{x^2+z^2-y^2}+\dfrac{yz}{y^2+z^2-x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy}{-2xy}+\dfrac{xz}{-2xz}+\dfrac{yz}{-2yz}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{-2}+\dfrac{1}{-2}+\dfrac{1}{-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)