Tìm GTLN của biểu thức:
\(M=\left(x-3\right)^3+\left(-x-1\right)^3\)
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Câu hỏi của đào mai thu - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
eM THAM khảo nhé!
Ta có:\(M=\frac{1}{\left|x-3\right|+4}\) lớn nhất\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|+4\) nhỏ nhất
Mà \(\left|x-3\right|\ge0\Rightarrow\left|x-3\right|+4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy GTLN M là \(\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho cặp số dương \(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)};\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}\le\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\) ta được :
\(P=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2\left(x+y+z\right)=2.3=6\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(P\right)=6\left(tạix=y=z=1\right)\)
Lời giải:
Sử dụng bổ đề: Với \(a,b>0\Rightarrow a^3+b^3\geq ab(a+b)\)
BĐT đúng vì nó tương đương với \((a-b)^2(a+b)\geq 0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\(P\leq \frac{1}{x^3yz(y+z)+1}+\frac{1}{y^3xz(x+z)+1}+\frac{1}{z^3xy(x+y)+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\leq \frac{1}{x^2(y+z)+xyz}+\frac{1}{y^2(x+z)+xyz}+\frac{1}{z^2(x+y)+xyz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\leq \frac{1}{x(xy+yz+xz)}+\frac{1}{y(xy+yz+xz)}+\frac{1}{z(xy+yz+xz)}=\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xy+yz+xz}=1\)
Vậy \(P_{\max}=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Câu 3 kiểm tra lại đề lại với , nếu đúng thì phức tạp lắm, còn sửa lại đề thì là :
\(y^2+2y+4^x-2^{x+1}+2=0\)
\(=>\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+2^{2x}-2^x.2+1=0\)
\(=>\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(\left(2^x\right)^2-2^x.2.1+1^2\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(2^x-1\right)^2=0\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}y+1=0\\2^x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-1\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT...........
a. \(A=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{x+3}{1-x}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{x^3-1}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1;x\ne-3\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2-3x+x^2+6x+9-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{3x+12}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}\)
\(M=A.B=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}.\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x+3}\)
b. -Để M thuộc Z thì:
\(\left(x^2+x-2\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+3x-2x-6+4\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)+4\right]⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;1;-4;-5;-7\right\}\)
c. \(A^{-1}-B=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^3-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+3x-3-x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\le\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(Max=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
M = (x - 3)3 + (-x - 1)3
= (x - 3)3 - (x + 1)3
= (x - 3 - x - 1)[(x - 3)2 + (x - 3)(x + 1) + (x + 1)2]
= -4(x2 - 6x + 9 + x2 - 2x - 3 + x2 + 2x + 1)
= -4(3x2 - 6x + 7)
= - 4(3x2 - 6x + 3 + 4)
= -4.3.(x2 - 2x + 1) -16
= -12(x - 1)2 - 16 \(\le\)-16
=> Max M = -16
Dáu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0
<=> x = 1
Vậy Max M = -16 <=> x = 1