\(Cho:a,b,c,d>0\) \(và\)\(a\cdot b\cdot c\cdot d=1\) \(CMR:ab+cd\ge2\)
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Bài 1 :
a) Ta có : \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) , \(b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\) , \(c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\) hay \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge8abc\)
Đề đúng : Cho a,b,c > 0 và \(a+b+c\le1\)
CMR : \(\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\ge9\)
Đặt \(x=a^2+2bc,y=b^2+2ac,z=c^2+2ab\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki , ta có: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}.x}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}.y}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}.z}\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\) hay \(\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge9\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(a^2+2bc\right)+\left(b^2+2ac\right)+\left(c^2+2ab\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le1\)
Sử dụng Cosi 3 số ta suy ra
\(VT\ge\left[\left(a^2+2bc\right)+\left(b^2+2ac\right)+\left(c^2+2ab\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2+2bc\right)\left(b^2+2ac\right)\left(c^2+2ab\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2+2bc}\cdot\frac{1}{b^2+2ac}\cdot\frac{1}{c^2+2ab}}=9\) (Đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi\(\begin{cases}a+b+c=1\\a^2+2bc=b^2+2ac=c^2+2ab\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2a+13b\right)\left(3c-7d\right)=\left(2c+13d\right)\left(3a-7b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6ac-14ad+39bc-91bd=6ac-14bc+39ad-91bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14ad+14bc=39ad-39bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-14\left(ad-bc\right)=39\left(ad-bc\right)\)
=>ad-bc=0
=>ad=bc
hay a/b=c/d
Đặt : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{7b^2k^2+3bkb}{11b^2k^2-8b^2}=\frac{7d^2k^2+3dkd}{11d^2k^2-8d^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b^2\left(7k^2+3k\right)}{b^2\left(11k^2-8\right)}=\frac{d^2\left(7k^2+3k\right)}{d^2\left(11k^2-8\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{7k^2+3k}{11k^2-8}=\frac{7k^2+3k}{11k^2-8}\left(đpcm\right)\)
a: Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\)
Ta thấy a, b, c, d > 1 vì nếu một số bằng 1 thì tổng lớn hơn 1
Nếu trong 4 số a, b, c, d có ít nhất 1 số lớn hơn 2 thì tổng đã cho có GTLN là :
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{3\cdot3}< \frac{1}{4}\cdot4=1\)
Do đó a, b, c, d < 3
Vậy a = b = c = d = 2, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot2}+\frac{1}{2\cdot2}=1\) ( đúng )
Cbht