S=1+1/2^2+1/3^2+...+1/100^2
CMR S<2
Câu 2: CMR S<1/4 với S=1/4^2+1/6^2+...+1/(2n)^2
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\(S=\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+\frac{1}{8^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
Ta có :\(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4};....;\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< \frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{n}\right)< \frac{1}{4}\) (đpcm)
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\(S=\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< \frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}=1-\frac{1}{n}< 1\)
=> \(S=\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{2n^2}=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)< \frac{1}{2^2}.1=\frac{1}{4}\)
=> \(S< \frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có:
\(2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}< \dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>2\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}\right)=2\left(\sqrt{101}-1\right)>18\)
\(2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}\right)}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}>\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1+2\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}\right)=1+2\left(\sqrt{100}-1\right)=19\)
Lời giải:
$S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}$
$> \frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+....+\frac{1}{9.10}$
$=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}$
$=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}(*)$
Lại có:
$S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{8.9}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)$ ta có đpcm.
\(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Mà \(1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}=1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(=2-\dfrac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(S< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
Vậy \(S< 2\left(đpcm\right).\)
Câu 1 :
Ta có :
\(S=1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+..........+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
........................
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.......+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+.....+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 2+\dfrac{1}{100}< 2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S< 2\rightarrowđpcm\)