bài 1
cho :\(\dfrac{4a-3b}{5}=\dfrac{5b-4c}{3}=\dfrac{3c-5a}{5}\)
CMR :\(\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
bài 2: tìm các số ng x, y bt rằng :
a)\(\dfrac{4}{x}-\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
b)\(2^x-2^y=256\)(x, y nguyên dương)
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Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)
\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)
a) \(\dfrac{1}{2}:y\times\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}:y\times\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{25}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}:y=\dfrac{25}{12}:\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}:y=\dfrac{125}{36}\)
\(y=\dfrac{1}{2}:\dfrac{125}{36}\)
\(y=\dfrac{18}{125}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\times y=1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\times y=\dfrac{4}{3}-1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\times y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(y=\dfrac{1}{3}:\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(y=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{4}+y:\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(y:\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(y:\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)
\(y=\dfrac{7}{12}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(y=\dfrac{7}{36}\)
e: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x+5}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{x-y+5+2}{2-3}=\dfrac{10+7}{-1}=-17\)
=>x+5=-34; y-2=-51
=>x=-39; y=-49
g: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được
\(\dfrac{a-1}{2}=\dfrac{b+3}{4}=\dfrac{c-5}{6}=\dfrac{5a-3b-4c-5-9+20}{5\cdot2-3\cdot4-6\cdot4}=\dfrac{-253}{13}\)
=>a-1=-506/13; b+3=-1012/13; c-5=-1518/13
=>a=-493/13; b=-1051/13; c=-1453/13
Lời giải:
e. Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
$\frac{x+5}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{x+5-(y-2)}{2-3}=\frac{(x-y)+5+2}{2-3}=\frac{10+5+2}{-1}=-17$
Suy ra:
$x+5=2(-17)=-34\Rightarrow x=-39$
$y-2=3(-17)=-51\Rightarrow y=-49$
f. Đề thiếu. Bạn xem lại
h. Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
$\frac{a-1}{2}=\frac{b+3}{4}=\frac{c-5}{6}$
$=\frac{5a-5}{10}=\frac{3b+9}{12}=\frac{4c-20}{24}$
$=\frac{5a-5-(3b+9)-(4c-20)}{10-12-24}$
$=\frac{5a-3b-4c-5-9+20}{-26}=\frac{500-5-9+20}{-26}=\frac{-253}{13}$
Suy ra:
$a-1=2.\frac{-253}{13}\Rightarrow a=\frac{-493}{13}$
$b+3=4.\frac{-253}{13}\Rightarrow b=\frac{-1051}{13}$
$c-5=6.\frac{-253}{13}\Rightarrow c=\frac{-1453}{13}$
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)
Đặt \(x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)
Thay vào A ta được : \(A=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186k}{245k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
Bài 4:
\(\dfrac{3}{4}+y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{37}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{37}{16}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{25}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{25}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
________________
\(456+y:87=23987\)
\(\Rightarrow y:87=23987-456\)
\(\Rightarrow y:87=23531\)
\(\Rightarrow y=23531\cdot87\)
\(\Rightarrow y=2047197\)
a)\(\dfrac{4}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{8}:\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{4}{5}:\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\times\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(=1\times\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
b)\(\dfrac{5}{6}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}:\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{17}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{59}{30}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\dfrac{3}{4}+y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{37}{16}\)
\(y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{37}{16}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(y:\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{25}{16}\)
\(y=\dfrac{25}{16}\times\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(y=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
b)\(456+y:87=23987\)
\(y:87=23987-456\)
\(y:87=23531\)
\(y=23531\times87\)
\(y=2047197\)
\(2\dfrac{2}{5}-y:2\dfrac{3}{4}=1\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}-y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{12}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{9}{10}\\ y=\dfrac{9}{10}\times\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{99}{40}\\ b,1\dfrac{1}{4}+2\dfrac{1}{5}\times y=2\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{13}{5}\\ \dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{13}{5}-\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{27}{20}\\ y=\dfrac{27}{20}:\dfrac{11}{5}=\dfrac{27}{44}\)
\(c,2\dfrac{4}{5}-2\dfrac{1}{4}:y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{14}{5}-\dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{14}{5}-\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{41}{20}\\ y=\dfrac{9}{4}:\dfrac{41}{20}=\dfrac{45}{41}\\ c2,x:3\dfrac{1}{3}=2\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{7}{10}\\ x:\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{12}{5}+\dfrac{7}{10}\\ x:\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{31}{10}\\ x=\dfrac{31}{10}\times\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{31}{3}\)
\(a,2\dfrac{2}{5}:y\times1\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}:y\times\dfrac{7}{4}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}:y=\dfrac{7}{8}:\dfrac{7}{4}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}:y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ y=\dfrac{12}{5}:\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{24}{5}\\ b,3\dfrac{2}{5}:y:1\dfrac{1}{4}=2\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \dfrac{17}{5}:y:\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{13}{5}\\ y:\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{17}{5}:\dfrac{13}{5}\\ y:\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{17}{13}\\ y=\dfrac{17}{13}\times\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{85}{52}\)
\(c,\dfrac{12}{5}-2\dfrac{2}{5}\times y=1\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}-\dfrac{12}{5}\times y=\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}\times y=\dfrac{12}{5}-\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}\times y=\dfrac{23}{20}\\ y=\dfrac{23}{20}:\dfrac{12}{5}\\ y=\dfrac{23}{48}\)
Bài 3 :
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}=\dfrac{1}{2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3!}=\dfrac{1}{3.2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4!}=\dfrac{1}{4.3.2.1}< \dfrac{1}{3!}< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
.....
\(\)\(\dfrac{1}{2023!}=\dfrac{1}{2023.2022....2.1}< \dfrac{1}{2022!}< ...< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{4}{x}-\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x}-\dfrac{2y}{6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{2y}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{1+2y}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow24=x\left(1+2y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x;1+2y\inƯ\left(24\right)\)
\(Ư\left(24\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm3;\pm4;\pm6;\pm8;\pm12;\pm24\right\}\)
Mà 1+2y lẻ nên:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+2y=1\Rightarrow2y=0\Rightarrow y=0\\x=24\\1+2y=-1\Rightarrow2y=-2\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=-24\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+2y=3\Rightarrow2y=2\Rightarrow y=1\\x=8\\1+2y=-3\Rightarrow2y=-4\Rightarrow y=-2\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
thank bn nhiều nha