Cho các số thực dương x,y,z thỏa mãn xyz ≤ 1
CMR:\(\dfrac{x\left(1-y^3\right)}{y^3}+\dfrac{y\left(1-z^3\right)}{z^3}+\dfrac{z\left(1-x^3\right)}{x^3}\)≥ 0
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Đặt cái ban đầu là P
Ta có: \(xy+yz+zx=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
Ta lại có:
\(\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}+\dfrac{1+x}{64x}+\dfrac{1+y}{64y}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xy}{z^3\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16z}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64x}-\dfrac{1}{64y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{yz}{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16x}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64y}-\dfrac{1}{64z}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{zx}{y^3\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{16y}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64z}-\dfrac{1}{64x}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{1}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{3}{32}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{16}-\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{3}{32}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=3\)
Thay $x=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2,5}}; y=z=\sqrt{\frac{1}{0,25}}$ ta thấy đề sai bạn nhé!
fix đề: CMR:\(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)}\)
Áp dụng AM-GM có:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}{8\cdot8\cdot\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3x}{4}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{1+z}{8}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}\ge\dfrac{3y}{4}\\\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{1+y}{8}+\dfrac{1+x}{8}\ge\dfrac{3z}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng theo về các BĐT trên ta được:
\(\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{3+x+y+z}{4}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{3x+3y+3z-x-y-z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)-3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}+\dfrac{y^3}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\dfrac{z^3}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+x\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\cdot3\sqrt[3]{xyz}-3}{4}=\dfrac{2\cdot3-3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
-> Đpcm
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
\(\left(x^3+1\right)\left(y^3+1\right)\left(z^3+1\right)=\dfrac{81}{64}x^3y^3z^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\left(z^2-z+1\right)=\dfrac{81}{64}x^2y^2z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3xyz\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\left(z^2-z+1\right)=\dfrac{81}{64}x^3y^3z^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}xyz=0\\\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\left(z^2-z+1\right)=\dfrac{27}{64}x^2y^2z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\left(z^2-z+1\right)=\dfrac{27}{64}x^2y^2z^2\)
Ta có:
\(x^2-x+1=\dfrac{3}{4}x^2+\left(\dfrac{x}{2}-1\right)^2\ge\dfrac{3}{4}x^2\)
Tương tự: \(y^2-y+1\ge\dfrac{3}{4}y^2\) ; \(z^2-z+1\ge\dfrac{3}{4}z^2\)
Do các vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế ta được:
\(\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\left(z^2-z+1\right)\ge\dfrac{27}{64}x^2y^2z^2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Thế vào điều kiện \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)=3xyz\) ko thỏa mãn (loại)
Vậy \(xyz=0\)
Lời giải:
Từ \(xy+yz+xz=xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
Đặt \((a,b,c)=\left(\frac{1}{x}; \frac{1}{y}; \frac{1}{z}\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(P=\frac{c^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{a^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{b^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}\geq \frac{1}{16}(*)\)
Thật vậy, áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{c^3}{(a+1)(b+1)}+\frac{a+1}{64}+\frac{b+1}{64}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{64^2}}=\frac{3c}{16}\)
\(\frac{a^3}{(b+1)(c+1)}+\frac{b+1}{64}+\frac{c+1}{64}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{64^2}}=\frac{3a}{16}\)
\(\frac{b^3}{(c+1)(a+1)}+\frac{c+1}{64}+\frac{a+1}{64}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{64^2}}=\frac{3b}{16}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên và rút gọn :
\(\Rightarrow P+\frac{a+b+c+3}{32}\geq \frac{3(a+b+c)}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P+\frac{4}{32}\geq \frac{3}{16}\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{1}{16}\)
Vậy \((*)\) được chứng minh. Bài toán hoàn tất.
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=3\)
Ta có nhận xét sau:
\(\dfrac{x+2}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}=\dfrac{yz}{zx+xy}+\dfrac{2\left(yz\right)^2}{zx+xy}\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại
Ta đặt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=xy\\b=yz\\c=zx\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=1\) và \(a,b,c>0\)
Biểu thức P trở thành:
\(P=\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{b+c}+2\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}\)
Dễ thấy:
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) (Nesbit)
\(\Sigma_{cyc}\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Do đó:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2.\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho cặp số dương \(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)};\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}\le\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\) ta được :
\(P=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2\left(x+y+z\right)=2.3=6\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(P\right)=6\left(tạix=y=z=1\right)\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y^3}+\dfrac{y}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{x^3}\ge x+y+z\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{x}\\b=\dfrac{1}{y}\\c=\dfrac{1}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow abc\ge1\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}=\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}=ab+bc+ac\)
Ta có \(abc\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bc\ge\dfrac{1}{a}\\ab\ge\dfrac{1}{c}\\ac\ge\dfrac{1}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow bc+ac+ab\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x\left(1-y^3\right)}{y^3}+\dfrac{y\left(1-z^3\right)}{z^3}+\dfrac{z\left(1-x^3\right)}{x^3}\ge0\)