Cho số thực dương a, b, c chứng minh rằng (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\(\ge\)8abc
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1) xét hiệu
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{b\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}-\dfrac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
=> b(a+b)+a(a+b)-4ab ≥ 0
<=> ab+b2+a2+ab-4ab ≥ 0
<=> a2 -2ab+b2 ≥ 0
<=> (a-b)2 ≥ 0 (luôn đúng )
=> đpcm
2)Ta có:\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
TT\(\Rightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc;\left(c+a\right)^2\ge4ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Dùng BĐT phụ : \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
Ta có : \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\) ; \(\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc\); \(\left(c+a\right)^2\ge4ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2=\left(8abc\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\left(dpcm\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
\(VT=\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(VT\ge2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}.2\sqrt{ab}=8abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Vì $A+B+C=1$ ta có:
$(1-A)(1-B)(1-C)=(B+C)(C+A)(A+B)$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số dương:
$B+C\geq 2\sqrt{BC}; C+A\geq 2\sqrt{CA}; A+B\geq 2\sqrt{AB}$
$\Rightarrow (1-A)(1-B)(1-C)=(B+C)(C+A)(A+B)\geq 2\sqrt{BC}.2\sqrt{CA}.2\sqrt{AB}$
hay $(1-A)(1-B)(1-C)\geq 8ABC$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $A=B=C=\frac{1}{3}$
\(\dfrac{a^2+bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)-a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}-a\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mặt khác áp dụng \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}\ge a+b+b+c+a+c=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c\) (đpcm)
\(1+\dfrac{9}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge1+\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{6}{a+b+c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy với a ; b ; c dương , ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{2b+a}+\dfrac{b}{2c+b}+\dfrac{c}{2a+b}=\dfrac{a^2}{2ab+a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{2bc+b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ac+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy ...
Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c>0\)
\(BĐT< =>\frac{a\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+b\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(< =>\frac{ac^2+ba^2+cb^2+\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(< =>2\left[ac^2+ba^2+cb^2+\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]\ge3\left[\left(a+b+c\right)\left(...\right)-abc\right]\)
\(< =>2\left(ac^2+a^2b+cb^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3abc\)
\(< =>ac^2+a^2b+cb^2\ge ca^2+ab^2+c^2b\)
\(< =>\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau \(\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\ge9\)( cm = bunhia phân thức )
\(< =>1+\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{c+a}+1+\frac{b+c}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{c+a}+1+\frac{c+a}{a+b}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}\ge9\)
\(< =>\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{2a}{b+c}+\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{2b}{c+a}+\frac{2c}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\ge6\)(*)
Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\);\(B=\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\);\(C=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
Khi đó bất đẳng thức (*) tương đương với \(A+B+2C\ge6\)
Do\(A+B=3\)\(=>2C\ge3=>C\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Suy ra \(A+B+C\ge6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{12-3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)(1)
Xét tổng :\(B+C=\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{a+c}+\frac{c+a}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\ge3\)(AM-GM) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta được \(A\ge\frac{9}{2}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Done !
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz cho 3 số dương a;b;c ta có :
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) (dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\) )
\(b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\) (dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\) )
\(c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\) (dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c\) )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\sqrt{a^2b^2c^2}=8abc\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)