Cho hàm số: \(f\left(x\right)=a.x^2+bx+c\) với \(a,b,c\in z\). Biết \(f\left(1\right)⋮3\), \(f\left(0\right)⋮3\), \(f\left(-1\right)⋮3\)
C/m a,b,c chia hết cho 3
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f(0) = 1
\(\Rightarrow\) a.02 + b.0 + c = 1
\(\Rightarrow\) c = 1
Vậy hệ số a = 0; b = 0; c = 1
f(1) = 2
\(\Rightarrow\) a.12 + b.1 + c = 2
\(\Rightarrow\) a + b + c = 2
Vậy hệ số a = 1; b = 1; c = 1
f(2) = 4
\(\Rightarrow\) a.22 + b.2 + c = 4
\(\Rightarrow\) 4a + 2b + c = 4
Vậy hệ số a = 4; b = 2; c = 1
Chúc bn học tốt! (chắc vậy :D)
\(f\left(-1\right)=2\Rightarrow-a+b-c+d=2\\ f\left(0\right)=1\Rightarrow d=1\\ f\left(1\right)=7\Rightarrow a+b+c+d=7\\ f\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=3\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{1}{4}b+\dfrac{1}{2}c+d=3\)
\(d=1\Rightarrow-a+b-c=1;a+b+c=6\\ \Rightarrow2b=7\\ \Rightarrow b=\dfrac{7}{2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}c=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c\right)=2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}a+\dfrac{7}{4}+c=4\\ \Rightarrow a+7+4c=16\\ \Rightarrow a+4c=9;a+c=6-\dfrac{7}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Rightarrow3c=\dfrac{13}{2}\Rightarrow c=\dfrac{13}{6}\\ \Rightarrow a=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{13}{6}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b;c;d\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{7}{2};\dfrac{13}{6};1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a.
$f(-1)=a-b+c$
$f(-4)=16a-4b+c$
$\Rightarrow f(-4)-6f(-1)=16a-4b+c-6(a-b+c)=10a+2b-5c=0$
$\Rightarrow f(-4)=6f(-1)$
$\Rightarrow f(-1)f(-4)=f(-1).6f(-1)=6[f(-1)]^2\geq 0$ (đpcm)
b.
$f(-2)=4a-2b+c$
$f(3)=9a+3b+c$
$\Rightarrow f(-2)+f(3)=13a+b+2c=0$
$\Rightarrow f(-2)=-f(3)$
$\Rightarrow f(-2)f(3)=-[f(3)]^2\leq 0$ (đpcm)
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Mình có nghĩ ra cách này mọi người xem giúp mình với
f(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c\)
Ta có f(0) = 2 => c = 2
Ta đặt Q(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c-2020\)
và G(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c+2021\)
f(x) - 2020 chia cho x - 1 hay Q(x) chia cho x - 1 được số dư
\(R_1\) = Q(1) = \(a.1^2+b.1+c-2020=a+b+c-2020\)
Mà Q(x) chia hết cho x-1 nên \(R_1\) = 0
hay \(a+b+c-2020=0\). Mà c = 2 => a + b = 2018 (1)
G(x) chia cho x + 1 số dư
\(R_2\) = G(-1) = \(a.\left(-1\right)^2+b.\left(-1\right)+c+2021=a-b+2+2021\)
Mà G(x) chia hết cho x + 1 nên \(R_2\)=0
hay \(a-b+2+2021=0\) => \(a-b=-2023\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2018\\a-b=-2023\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{5}{2}\\b=\dfrac{4041}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=-4\Rightarrow-1+a-b+c=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b+c=-3\)
\(f\left(2\right)=5\Rightarrow8+4a+2b+c=5\Rightarrow4a+2b+c=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow3a+3b=0\Rightarrow a=-b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{2019}=-b^{2019}\Rightarrow a^{2019}+b^{2019}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=0\)
\(f\left(-2\right)=a.\left(-2\right)^2+b.\left(-2\right)+c=4a-2b+c\)
\(f\left(3\right)=a.3^2+b.3+c=9a+3b+c\)
\(f\left(-2\right)+f\left(3\right)=13a+b+2c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)=-f\left(3\right)\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right).f\left(3\right)\le0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(0\right)=5\Rightarrow0+0+5\Rightarrow c=5\\f\left(1\right)=0\Rightarrow a+b+5=0\\f\left(5\right)=0\Rightarrow25a+5b+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(1\right)\\\left(2\right)\\\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
tu (3) => b =-1-5a
tu (2) => a-1-5a+5 =0 => a =1 ;b =-6
y =x^2 -6x +5
y(-1) =1 +6 +5 khac 3 => loai
y(-1/2) =1/4 -6/2 +5 =1/4 +2 = 9/4 nhan
Q(1/2;9/4) thuoc dths
Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(0\right)=c⋮3\Rightarrow c⋮3\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(1\right)=a+b+c⋮3\\f\left(-1\right)=a-b+c⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(c⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b⋮3\\a-b⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a⋮3\\2b⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a⋮3\\b⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\) ( do \(\left(2;3\right)=1\) )
Vậy \(a,b,c⋮3\)