Question

[Phạm Băng Băng]

Mn giải giúp mình vs ạ. Mình cảm ơn nhiều

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Việt Lâm]

Nếu \(y\le0\Rightarrow\left(y-4\right)^2\ge16>9\left(ktm\right)\Rightarrow y>0\)

Nếu \(x\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2\ge25>9\left(ktm\right)\Rightarrow x< 0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x=a>0\\y=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-5\right)^2+\left(b-4\right)^2\le9\\3a+b\ge14\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có:

\(14^2\le\left(3a+b\right)^2\le\left(3^2+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{196}{10}=\dfrac{98}{5}\)

\(P_{min}=\dfrac{98}{5}\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(\dfrac{21}{5};\dfrac{7}{5}\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{21}{5};\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\)

Lại có:

\(\left(a-5\right)^2+\left(b-4\right)^2\le9\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\le10a+8b-32\le\sqrt{\left(10^2+8^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}-32\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le2\sqrt{41}\sqrt{P}-32\Leftrightarrow P-2\sqrt{41}\sqrt{P}+32\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{P}-3-\sqrt{41}\right)\left(\sqrt{P}-3+\sqrt{41}\right)\le0\) (1)

Do \(P\ge\dfrac{98}{5}\Rightarrow\sqrt{P}-3+\sqrt{41}>0\)

Nên (1) tương đương: \(\sqrt{P}-3-\sqrt{41}\le0\Rightarrow P\le50+6\sqrt{41}\)

\(P_{max}=50+6\sqrt{41}\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(5+\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{41}};4+\dfrac{12}{\sqrt{41}}\right)\)