Cho x,y,z,t >0 TM: \(x+y+z+t=4\). Tìm min \(S=x^3+8y^3+8z^3+t^3\)
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Holder:
\(S=\left(x^3+t^3\right)+8\left(y^3+z^3\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+t\right)^3+2\left(y+z\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\left(x+t\right)^3+8\left(y+z\right)^3\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(x+t\right)^3+8\left(y+z\right)^3\right]\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{8}}\right).\dfrac{2}{9+2\sqrt{8}}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z+t\right)^3.\dfrac{2}{9+2\sqrt{8}}=\dfrac{4^3.2}{9+2\sqrt{8}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=t=\dfrac{2\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{8}+1},y=z=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{8}+1}\)
\(P=x+y+z+\frac{3}{4x}+\frac{9}{8y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{3}{4x}+\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{9}{8y}+\frac{1}{4}z+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{4}x+\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{3}{4}z\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}y.\frac{9}{8y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}z.\frac{1}{z}}+\frac{1}{4}.10\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+1+\frac{5}{2}=6,5\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1,5\\z=2\end{cases}}\).
Đặt \(P=\frac{x^3}{y+z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\ge x;\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z+x}{4}\ge y;\frac{z^2}{x+y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge z\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge x+y+x-\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{4}{2}=2\)
\(\frac{x}{1+y^2}=x-\frac{xy^2}{1+y^2}\ge x-\frac{xy^2}{2y}=x-\frac{1}{2}xy\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(A\ge x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge x+y+z-\frac{1}{6}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\frac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
3, \(P=a+b+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{2}{b}\)
=\(\left(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\right)+\frac{a+b}{2}\)
AD bđt cosi vs hai số dương có:
\(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2a}.\frac{a}{2}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)
\(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{2}.\frac{2}{b}}=2\)
Có \(\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) (vì a+b \(\ge3\))
=> \(P=\left(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{a}{2}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{2}+\frac{2}{b}\right)+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge1+2+\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> P \(\ge4.5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2a}=\frac{a}{2}\\\frac{b}{2}=\frac{2}{b}\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1\\b^2=4\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\\a+b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a=2,b=3
Vậy minP=4.5 <=>a=1,b=2