cho a,b,c là các số thực thỏa mãn abc=1;\(a+b+c=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\).CMR có ít nhất 1 trong 3 số bằng 1
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\(1-\dfrac{1}{1+a}\ge\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}+\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017.2018}{\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2018}{b+2018}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2018}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2018\right)}}\)
\(1-\dfrac{2018}{c+2018}\ge\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{2017}{b+2017}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b+2017\right)}}\)
Nhân vế:
\(\dfrac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\ge\dfrac{8.2017.2018}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2017\right)\left(c+2018\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge8.2017.2018\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2.1;2.2017;2.2018\right)=...\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{y}{x};\dfrac{z}{y};\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{y}{x}\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{z}{y}\left(\dfrac{x}{z}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{x}{z}\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(abc=1\) nên tồn tại các số dương x;y;z sao cho \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{x}{y};\dfrac{y}{z};\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{y}{x+2y}+\dfrac{z}{y+2z}+\dfrac{x}{z+2x}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2y}{x+2y}-1+\dfrac{2z}{y+2z}-1+\dfrac{2x}{z+2x}-1\le2-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{x+2y}+\dfrac{y}{y+2z}+\dfrac{z}{z+2x}\ge1\)
Điều này đúng do:
\(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xz}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx}=1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab+bc+ca=abc\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}abc-ab-bc-ca=0\\a+b+c-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=\left(a-1\right)\left(bc-b-c+1\right)\)
\(=abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\)
\(=\left(abc-ab-bc-ca\right)+\left(a+b+c-1\right)\)
\(=0+0=0\) (ddpcm)
\(VT=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =\left(ab-a-b+1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\\ =abc-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)-1\\ =abc-abc+1-1=0=VP\)
Giải:
Biến đổi vế trái, ta được:
(a−1)(b−1)(c−1)(a−1)(b−1)(c−1)
=(ab−a−b+1)(c−1)=(ab−a−b+1)(c−1)
=abc−ab−ac+a−bc+b+c−1=abc−ab−ac+a−bc+b+c−1
=abc−ab−ac−bc+a+b+c−1=abc−ab−ac−bc+a+b+c−1
=abc−(ab+ac+bc)+(a+b+c)−1=abc−(ab+ac+bc)+(a+b+c)−1
Thay ab + ac + bc = abc và a + b + c = 1, ta được:
=abc−abc+1−1=abc−abc+1−1
=0
theo đề bài:\(a+b+c=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)và abc=1
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=\frac{abc}{a}+\frac{abc}{b}+\frac{abc}{c}=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c-bc-ab-ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+a+b+c-ab-bc-ac-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(abc-ab\right)-\left(ac-a\right)-\left(bc-b\right)+\left(c-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-1\right)\left(ab-a-b+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=0\)
........bạn giải tiếp......