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Ta có:
\(X-A=by+cz-cy-bz=\left(b-c\right)y+\left(c-b\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(b-c\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(X-B=ax+by-bx-ay=\left(a-b\right)x+\left(b-a\right)y\)\(=\)\(\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(X-C=ax+cz-cx-az=\left(a-c\right)x+\left(c-a\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(a-c\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Y-A=cx+ay-ax-cy=\left(c-a\right)x+\left(a-c\right)y\)\(=\)\(\left(c-a\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(Y-B=cx+bz-bx-cz=\left(c-b\right)x+\left(b-c\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(c-a\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Y-C=zy+bz-by-az=\left(a-b\right)y+\left(b-a\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(a-b\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(Z-A=bx-az-ax-bz=\left(b-a\right)x+\left(a-b\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(b-a\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Z-B=cy+az-ay-cz=\left(c-a\right)y+\left(a-c\right)z\)\(=\)\(\left(c-a\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(Z-C=bx+cy-cx-by=\left(b-c\right)x+\left(c-b\right)y\)\(=\)\(\left(b-c\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
Từ đó có:
\(\left(X-A\right)\left(X-B\right)\left(X-C\right)=\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(\left(Y-A\right)\left(Y-B\right)\left(Y-C\right)=\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(\left(Z-A\right)\left(Z-B\right)\left(Z-C\right)=\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Ta thấy , vế phải của ba đẳng thức trên là tích của 6 thừa số. Các thừa số đều có mặt trong các tích nếu ta áp dụng quy tắc đổi dấu
Phương Ann Nhã Doanh Đinh Đức Hùng Mashiro Shiina
Nguyễn Thanh Hằng Nguyễn Huy Tú Lightning Farron
Akai Haruma Võ Đông Anh Tuấn
mấy anh chị cm cho e thêm cái : \(\dfrac{ay+bx}{c}=\dfrac{bz+cy}{a}=\dfrac{cx+az}{b}\)
Xét ax+by+cz=
=a(a^2-bc)+ b(b^2-ac)+c(c^2-ab)
=a^3-abc+b^3-abc+c^3-abc
=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc
=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc)
=(a+b+c)(x+y+z)=VT(đpcm)
a) \(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+2abxy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2x^2-2abxy+a^2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx\right)^2-2\cdot bx\cdot ay+\left(ay\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx-ay\right)^2=0\Rightarrow bx=ay\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\right)\)
b) \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2abxy+2bcyz+2acxz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2x^2-2bxay+a^2y^2+b^2z^2-2bzcy+c^2y^2+a^2z^2-2azcx+c^2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bx-ay\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}bx=ay\\bz=cy\\az=cx\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\\\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\\\frac{a}{x}=\frac{c}{z}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\right)}\)
c) \(\left(a+b\right)^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab=2a^2+2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
a, Tương đương : \(a^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2\) = \(a^2x^2+2axby+b^2y^2\)
\(a^2y^2-2axby+b^2x^2=0\)
\(\left(ay-bx\right)^2\) = 0
\(ay-bx=0\)
\(ay=bx\)
\(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\) dpcm
Câu b, c làm tương tự câu a
\(\frac{ay-bx}{c}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{bz-cy}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\frac{0}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ay-bx=0\\cx-az=0\\bz-cy=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(cx-az\right)^2+\left(bz-ay\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2-2axby+b^2x^2+a^2z^2-2axcz+c^2x^2+b^2z^2-2bycz\)
\(+c^2y^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2x^2+a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2+c^2z^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Ta có:
\(X-A\)\(=\)\(by+cz-cy-bz=\left(b-c\right)y+\left(c-b\right)z=\left(b-c\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(X-B\)\(=\)\(ax+by-bx-ay=\left(a-b\right)x+\left(b-a\right)y=\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(X-C\)\(=\)\(ax+cz-cx-az=\left(a-c\right)x+\left(c-a\right)z=\left(a-c\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Y-A\)\(=\)\(cx+ay-ax-cy=\left(c-a\right)x+\left(a-c\right)y=\left(c-a\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(Y-B\)\(=\)\(cx+bz-bx-cz=\left(c-b\right)x+\left(b-c\right)z=\left(c-a\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Y-C\)\(=\)\(zy+bz-by-az=\left(a-b\right)y+\left(b-a\right)z=\left(a-b\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(Z-A\)\(=\)\(bx+az-ax-bz=\left(b-a\right)x+\left(a-b\right)z=\left(b-a\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(Z-B\)\(=\)\(cy+az-ay-cz=\left(c-a\right)y+\left(a-c\right)z=\left(c-a\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(Z-C\)\(=\)\(bx+cy-cx-by=\left(b-c\right)x+\left(c-b\right)y=\left(b-c\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
Từ đó có:
\(\left(X-A\right)\left(X-B\right)\left(X-C\right)=\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(\left(Y-A\right)\left(Y-B\right)\left(Y-C\right)=\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
\(\left(Z-A\right)\left(Z-B\right)\left(Z-C\right)=\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
Ta thấy , vế phải của ba đẳng thức trên là tích của sáu thừa số . Các thừa số đều có mặt trong các tích nếu ta áp dụng quy tắc đổi dấu
có cần giải ra không