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Khung bài luận tiếng Anh
Chuẩn bị dàn ý (outline)
Đây là bước thu thập ý tưởng quan trọng nhất của chủ đề được giao. Dựa vào chủ đề, bạn sẽ có quyết định khái quát về cách triển khai bài viết theo hướng tổng quan hoặc thu hẹp đối tượng và phân tích cụ thể.
Sau khi chuẩn bị được ý tưởng bài luận tiếng Anh bạn sẽ dựng khung bài cơ bản nhất.
Để chuẩn bị dàn ý cho chủ đề bạn cần 1 tờ nháp và 1 cây bút. Trong 2 đến 3 phút bạn hãy tìm hiểu và viết ra tất cả những ý tưởng có thể triển khai trong bài.
Nhiều người thường bỏ qua bước này vì nghĩ tốn thời gian, không cần thiết. Nhưng thực tế khi làm những bài luận tiếng Anh, bạn phải chú trọng vào cấu trúc, từ vựng.. nên quên đi ý tưởng ban đầu. Nếu không viết ra, sẽ bạn sẽ bị sót thông tin, bài luận tiếng Anh sẽ kém phần phong phú.
Ví dụ: Viết 1 bài luận tiếng Anh về chủ đề Family
· Mở bài: In my family, I consider my brother to be my best friend…
· Thân bài:
Topic sentence 1. We have several mutual hobbies…
Topic sentence 2. He always help me out of my troubles…
· Kết luận: My brother and I make the best team…
Viết câu chủ đề (thesis statement)
Câu chủ đề là câu ngắn gọn nhất bao quát toàn bộ nội dung bài luận tiếng Anh. Câu chủ đề này phải là một câu khẳng định hoàn chỉnh, không được là câu hỏi hoặc cụm từ.
Câu chủ đề này không được lan man, tóm gọn được nội dung bài luận. Nên có yếu tố độc đáo, lôi cuốn, thể hiện tốt chủ đề bài viết.
Bạn vẫn có thể triển khai và sửa câu chủ đề này sau khi viết. Nhưng chủ đề vẫn phải thống nhất với nội dung dàn ý đã định.
Phần mở đầu (introduction paragraph)
Bài luận tiếng Anh của bạn chỉ hoàn thiện khi có đủ cả phần mở bài và kết bài. Phần mở đầu để tạo sự thu hút với người đọc. Khơi gợi nội dung cần nói để họ đoán được trọng tâm bài viết.
Phần mở bài thường sẽ xác định thông tin gồm: câu dẫn nhập, câu chủ đề.
3 điều không thể thiếu cho một mở đầu hoàn hảo:
· Lôi cuốn được sự chú ý của độc giả (should catch readers attention)
· Thể hiện câu chủ đề của bài luận (Should present the thesis statement of the essay)
· Cho độc giả thấy một ý tưởng rõ ràng về những gì mà bài viết sẽ nói đến (Should give readers a clear idea of what the essay will cover)
Có rất nhiều cách mở đầu bài luận tiếng anh, bạn có thể áp dụng bằng cách:
· Dùng lời trích dẫn (A quote)
· Một ví dụ hay 1 câu chuyện (Example or Story)
· Sự kiện hoặc ý tưởng gây ngạc nhiên (Surprising Fact or Idea)
· Quan điểm của những người có tiếng tăm (Strong opinion or position)
· Câu hỏi (A question)
Tránh dùng những câu như “This essay is about” hoặc “The topic of this essay is”
Ví dụ: Chủ đề “Tác hại của cafe”
“Millions of Americans are physically addicted to caffeine – and most of them don’t even know it.”
=> Có hàng triệu người Mỹ nghiện caffeine – và hầu hết trong số họ thậm chí không biết điều đấy…
Thân bài (body paragraphs)
Mỗi ý tưởng trong phần thân bài này là một ý chính trong chủ đề. Nên có các từ liên kết giữa các câu và chia thành 2 đến 3 ý chính, mỗi ý chính này gồm các ý phụ làm rõ nội dung.
Các đoạn văn có 1 câu chủ đề (topic sentence) để củng cố cho luận đề và một vài ví dụ minh chứng.
Hãy ước tính số lượng từ bạn định viết dựa theo yêu cầu đề bài.
Ví dụ:Bài luận tiếng Anh yêu cầu 500 chữ, hãy dành ra 100 chữ đầu cho mở bài và 100 chữ cho kết bài. Còn 300 chữ thân bài chia thành 2, 3 ý khác nhau. Mỗi ý từ 100 đến 500 chữ.
Kết bài (conclusion paragraph)
Có rất nhiều cách kết bài khác nhau. Bạn có thể theo hướng tổng hợp ý chính hoặc cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng quan về chủ đề. Phần này không cần quá dài, 3 hoặc 4 câu là đủ. Kết luận độc đáo và ấn tượng sẽ chốt được cảm tình của người đọc. Khi viết xong phần kết luận, điều quan trọng cần làm tiếp theo là đọc lại bài luận. Bên cạnh việc sửa lỗi chính tả, ngữ pháp bạn cần chú ý đến câu mở đầu và câu kết, 2 phần mấu chốt của bài luận.
Sơ đồ tóm gọn lại các bước viết luận.
Trên đây là những bước không thể thiếu trong 1 bài luận tiếng Anh. Cấu trúc của bài viết giúp bạn lấy được 30% số điểm, 70% còn lại hoàn toàn phụ thuộc vào cách kết hợp hài hòa những phần đã thi phía trên. Đó là: ngữ pháp, từ vựng, văn phong,…
Nội dung bài luận
Sử dụng đúng ngữ pháp
Đây là yếu tố tiên quyết trước khi kết hợp với các yêu tố còn lại mang đến thành công của bài luận. Chỉ cần sai ngữ pháp 1 chút bạn sẽ thấy ngay tầm ảnh hưởng đến bài thi như thế nào.
Ngữ pháp ở đây bao gồm các thời thì, cấu trúc câu, từ trong câu văn. Bạn có nhiều lựa chọn cách viết khác nhau, nhưng khi đã viết nên lựa chọn thời thì tiếng Anh cho phù hợp nhất. Và chắc chắn với những gì mình đã viết, câu trước có liên quan đến câu sau như thế nào.
Lựa chọn từ vựng phù hợp văn cảnh
Bạn có nhiều vốn từ thật đấy, nhưng nếu sử dụng không phù hợp sẽ gây nên tình trạng loãng từ. Điều này có nghĩa khi viết bài luận tiếng Anh, cần chú ý đến từ ngữ sử dụng. Không cần khoe hết vốn từ mình có, chỉ cần câu văn hấp dẫn, đúng với bối cảnh dựng ra.
Trình bày rõ ràng, mạch lạc, dấu câu đúng
Chắc chắn rồi, trình bày đoạn văn nhất thiết phải tuân theo yêu cầu mạch lạc. Mọi dấu chấm, dấu phẩy đều cần theo đúng quy tắc, thể hiện được ý đồ người viết.
Văn phong viết tiếng Anh
Mỗi người một văn phong khác nhau. Bạn nên viết thế nào để giọng văn của mình hấp dẫn, cuốn hút người đọc. Tuy là vấn đề khá phức tạp với người mới bắt đầu khi kết hợp giữa giọng văn của mình với tiếng Anh. Nhưng bạn chỉ cần luyện tập nhiều phần này sẽ quen và cách viết cũng nâng cao hơn nhiều.
Sắp xếp câu, từ, mệnh đề theo quy tắc
Thứ tự tính từ, trạng từ, các mệnh đề trong câu cần đúng quy tắc. Đây là điểm yếu bạn có thể chủ quan nhưng người chấm thi rất coi trọng việc sắp xếp này.
Dựa theo yêu cầu số từ của bài viết đưa ra ý văn hợp lý
Mỗi dạng đề thi sẽ có yêu cầu về bài luận tiếng Anh khác nhau. Ví dụ khi tham gia kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT, bạn sẽ được yêu cầu đoạn văn khoảng 150 từ. Lúc này bạn nên căn số từ với 15 đến 18 dòng.
Không xuống dòng
Nếu yêu cầu viết đoạn văn thì bạn tuyệt đối không xuống dòng. Nhưng vai trò là bài luận tiếng Anh thì bạn phải trình bày mạch lạc, rõ ý đồ bài viết.
Kết hợp khéo léo giữa ngữ pháp, văn cảnh với từ vựng thích hợp để có bài luận tiếng Anh hoàn hảo.
Các cụm từ phổ biến nên có trong bài luận tiếng Anh
Mở bài
· From my perspective: từ góc nhìn của tôi
· From my point of view: trên quan điểm của tôi
· In my opinion: theo ý kiến của tôi
· In my view: tôi thấy là
· Personally: cá nhân tôi thấy
· Personally speaking: cá nhân mà nói
· To my way of thinking: theo cách nghĩ của tôi
Thân bài
· Firstly/first: đầu tiên
· First of all: mở đầu là
· Secondly: thứ hai là
· Thirdly: thứ ba là
· Moreover: thêm vào đó
· Furthermore: xa hơn nữa
· What’s more + adj: thêm nữa là
Kết bài
· In conclusion: kết luận là
· To conclude: để kết luận
· To sum up: tổng hợp lại
· Generally / In the general: nhìn chung
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D.
1. If I the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeed in life as well as you have.
A. have B. would have C. had had D. should have
2. I you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
A. would have visited B. visited C. had visited D. visit
3. more help, I would call my neighbor.
A. Needed B. Should I need C. I have needed D. I should need
4. then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A. Had I known B. Did I know C. If I know D. If I would know
5. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language?
A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak
6. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, this incident again.
A. I will never mention B. I never mention
C. will I never mention D. I don’t mention
7. If I had known you were asleep, I so much noise when I came in.
A. didn’t make B. wouldn’t have made
C. won’t make D. don’t make
8. Unless you all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
9. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I it.
A. would have never believed B. don’t believe
C. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
10. If Jake to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn’t agree B. didn’t agree C. hadn’t agreed D. wouldn’t agree
11. Jane: “John went to the hospital alone”,
Katy: “If , I would have gone with him”.
A. had he told me B. he had told me
C. he has told me D. he would tell me
12. If you , I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn’t want to bother you.
A. had studied B. studied C. hadn’t studied D. didn’t study
13. Peter: “Did you need help with your Math last night?”
Mary: “If I had needed, I you".
A. would call B. called C. would have called D. will call
14. If someone into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
A. comes B. came C. come D. should come
15. “Here’s my phone number”.
“Thanks. I’ll give you a call if I some help tomorrow”
A. will need B. need C. would need D. needed
16. If I didn’t work for an accounting firm, I in a bank now.
A. work B. will work C. have worked D. would work
17. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved.
A. was B. is C. were D. had been
18. The education in Japan if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration.
A. would go down B. would have gone down
C. went down D. had gone down
19. If there , the rice fields could have been more productive.
A. had been enough water B. were enough water
C. would be enough water D. are enough water
20. The patient will not recover unless he an operation.
A. had undergone B. would undergo
C. undergoes D. was undergoing
21. If she him, she would be very happy.
A. would meet B. will meet C. met D. should meet
22. If he a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.
A. had had B. had C. has D. has had
23. If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English.
A. will go B. would go C. went D. should have go to
24. The bench would collapse if they on it.
A. stood B. stand C. standing D. stands
25. If it convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight.
A. be B. is C. was D. were
In modern world, technology has played an active role in people physical lives; on the other hand, it can not touch our spiritual lives while art can. One of several reasons related to this is that art help us express our soul. Actually science is a combinations of tools, methods and machines which solve our physical problems. Meanwhile art such as colorful drawings, paintings, rock songs, romantic movies gives painters, film writers a ability to express their ideas and feelings. That is why art probably touch our soul. Other reason is a benefit of enjoying artworks to who enjoy art. It for instance listening to music and watching movie helps listeners and viewers feel relax after a hard-working day fulled of stress. While, techonology can not cause it can only solve our particular troubles, save time and cost, not a spiritual troubles. In short, both science and art play a significant role in human life, people are not able to live without one of those.
1. There have been some changes in my village …………………. your visit last year.
A. for B. since C. after D. before
2. Much of the town was rebuilt after the massive…………….. of the tornado.
A . peace B. humour C. destruction D. safety
3. New Zealand rescue services carried out several searches for ...........................
A. survivors B. rescuers C. helpers D. fighters
4. Don't drink that water. It's …………………………
A. clean B. contaminated C. dumped D. light
5. Choose the word that has different stress pattern from the others.
A. chemical B. political C. historical D. grammatical
6. Have you heard that John has been elected as the president of the school club?
A. Absolutely right! B.Really?
C. Sound great! D. Sure.
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
1. A. light B. fine C. lit D. high
2. A. matter B. back C. bag D. talk
3. A. her B. were C. person D. where
4. A. worked B. stopped C. packed D. wanted
5. A. would B. about C. round D. out
II. Give correct form of the words.
1. Bill Gates is a famous ........................businessman..................... . (busy)
2. Hoa has a fine of stamp. .................collection............. . (collect)
3. Minh looks again.................worriedly................ What's the matter with him? (worry)
III. Choose the best answer from the four options given (marked A, B,C, or D) to complete each sentence.
1. I suggest ................... some money for poor children.
A. raise B. to raise C. raised D. raising
2. She asked me if I ............................ a laptop computer the following day.
A buy B. will buy C. bought D. would buy
3. I .................. telephone her if I knew her number.
A. would B. have to C. will D. shall
4. We have learnt English ......................... 2001.
A. for B. since C. in D. during
5. I can't understand the French visitors. I wish I ............... French .
A. knew B. will know C. know D. have know
6. The church .................. about 100 years ago.
A. is built B. was built C. will be built D. has been built
7. ................... I was really tired, I couldn't sleep.
A. Even though B. So C. Therefore D. Because
IV. Each sentence has only one mistake, underline and correct it.
1. My brother often has a three - weeks summer vacation . ______three-week_____
2. Every day my mother spends one hour to watch television. _____watching____
3. She asks Peter go to the post office with her. ________to go________
V. Read the passage and answer these questions .
Cornwall is situated in the south-west of England. It is famous for its beautiful scenery There is not much industry so many people still earn their living by fishing. Another important source of income is tourism. There are a lot of tea-shops, souvenir shops and above all "bed and breakfast". You can see signs for these small hotels everywhere. Most of them are pretty houses or bungalows with nice gardens and they are run by family who lives there. Cornwall is also well-known for its history and legend For example, in Titagel you can visit the ruins of King Arthur's Castle where King Arthur is said to have sat with his knights at the famous round table. Tourists often come to visit Cornwall in summer because the weather is warm and sunny.
1. Where is Cornwall situated?
........................It is situated in the south-west of England..........................
2. Why do many people still earn their living by fishing?
........................Because there is not much industry...................................................................
3. Who are the hotels run by?
........................They are run by families who live there.................................
4. What is the weather like in Cornwall in summer?
.........................It is warm and sunny...............................................................
VI. Rewrite these sentences .
l. Don't keep the door locked,'' he said to us.
->He told us ............................not to keep the door locked...........................
2. "How long are you going to stay?" I asked him .
->I asked him how long .....................he was going to stay.........................
3. He didn't have time. He didn't read this novel.
->If ....................................he had had time, he would have read this novel.........................................
4. Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.
-> ....................................Despite his broken leg, he managed to get out of the car.................................
5. Lan goes to the bookshop to buy a dictionary.
-> ....................................Why does Lan go to the bookshop?...............................
II. Complete the sentences with the correct verb form in the bracket.
1. If we meet at 9:30, we (have) will have plenty of time.
2. If you (find) find a pen in the cellar, don’t mention it to anyone.
3. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (feed) had fedthe animals.
4. If you pass your examination, we (have) will have a celebration.
5. Lisa would find the milk if she (look)looked for it in the fridge.
6. What (happen)will happen if I press this button?
7. The door will be unlocked if you (press) Press the green button.
8. I should have voted for her if I (have) had had a vote then.
9. If you go to Paris, where will you (stay) stay ?
10. If you (swim) swim in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold.
11. Unless you (tell) tell the truth, I won’t help you.
12. You’ll get pneumonia if you (not change) don’t change your wet clothes.
13. If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus, I (not buy) wouldn’t have boughtit.
14. If they (hang) hung that picture lower, people would be able to see it.
15. She (be)would be able to walk faster if she didn’t have such high-heel shoes.
16. I (bring)would have brought you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty.
17. If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) would have been electrocuted.
18. If the story hadn’t been true, the newspaper (not print) wouldn’t have printed it.
19. I (not buy) wouldn’t Buy things on the installment system if I were you.
20. Dan (arrive) would arrive safe if he drove slowly
1/will have
2. find
3. had fed
4. will have
5. looked
6. will happen
7. press
8. had had
9. will you stay
10. swim
11. Tell
12.don’t change
13.wouldn’t have bought
14.hung
15.would be
16.would have brought
17.would have been
18.wouldn’t have printed
19.wouldn’t buy
20.would drive
I. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. unite B. underline C. university D. uniform
2. A. danger B. angry C. language D. passage
4. A. character B. children C. teacher D. change
5. A. look B. cook C. book D. roof
II. Choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete the following sentences by circling the letter.
1. I wish she ................... so sad now.
A. hadn't looked B. didn't look C. hasn't look D. doesn't look
2. I ......................... English here since I graduated from university.
A. teach B. taught C. have taught D. am teaching
3, A new hospital ............... next year.
A. is built B. will be built C. will build D. build
4. The students used to ............................ volleyball in that ground area.
A. play B. played C. playing D. be played
5. She arrived .................. four o'clock ................. the afternoon..
A. at/on B. in/in C. at/ in D. on /in
6. I have studied English ......................... more than three years.
A. for B. in C. since D. at
7. Hurry up! We don't have enough time. I wish we ......................... more time we could take some more photographs.
A. had B. have C. had had D. would have
8. Every afternoon she .................... for a walk in the garden.
A. will go B. is going C. has gone D. goes
9. Nam ............... a scholarship last year.
A. was awarded B. awarded c. awards D. is awarded
10. Minh ................. me on the street last Sunday.
A. see B. sees C. saw D. has seen
III- Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Stop, Nam! It's.............dangerous...........to be near the stove. (danger)
2 The glass pieces are dried .............completely............ (complete)
3. My elder brother studies hard this year in order to pass the .............entrance............. exam to the university. (enter)
IV. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
A: I (cycle just) ...............have just cycled................ 50 km.
B: I (cycle) ...........cycled........ 100 km last week .
A: I (write) ..........wrote............ an essay yesterday.
B: I (write /already) ..............have already written............. two essays this term.
A: I (ring/ just) ..............have just rung............. my friend.
B: I (ring) ..............rang........... my friend 10 minutes ago.
A: Two days ago, I (watch) ............watched............ a Madonna concert on TV.
B: I (see/already) ..........have already sen.......... Madonna live in concert.
A: I (spend) ...........spent........ my summer holiday in Australia last year.
B: I (be/not) ...............haven't been.......... to Australia yet.
V. Read the following passages and answer the questions.
Television is the most popular form of entertainment in the American household. People of all ages medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day. Thus use this Scientists now television has had a tremendous influence on its viewers, especially children. due to say that children can be adversely affected by constantly watching television. This is the fact that they participate less in physical activities, spend less time reading and studying and see a world of violence that can affect their own feelings of security.
Ouestions:
1. Is television the most popular form of entertainment in the American household?
=> Yes, it is.
2. How many hours a day do people of all ages spend watching television?
=> People of all ages medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day.
3. Who has television had a great influence on Can children be adversely affected by constantly watching TV?
=> Yes, they can.
VI-Use connectives to combine each pair of the sentences.
1. He is very tired .He has to finish his home work.(but)
=> He is very tired but he has to finish his homework.
2. The room is very small. It is quite comfortable. (although)
=> Although the room is very small, it is quiet comfortable.
3. I like watching TV .I like going to the cinema.(and)
=> I like watching TV and going to the cinema.
4. He got wet .He forgot his umbrella.(therefore)
=> He forgot his umbrella therefore he got wet.
5. She wears glasses She want to see better. (because)
=> She wears glasses because she wants to see better.
6. We are saving money. We want to buy a new house. (so)
=> We want to buy a new house so we are saving money.
I. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. unite B. underline C. university D. uniform
2. A. danger B. angry C. language D. passage
4. A. character B. children C. teacher D. change
5. A. look B. cook C. book D. roof
II. Choose the best option (A, B, C or D) to complete the following sentences by circling the letter.
1. I wish she ................... so sad now.
A. hadn't looked B. didn't look C. hasn't look D. doesn't look
2. I ......................... English here since I graduated from university.
A. teach B. taught C. have taught D. am teaching
3, A new hospital ............... next year.
A. is built B. will be built C. will build D. build
4. The students used to ............................ volleyball in that ground area.
A. play B. played C. playing D. be played
5. She arrived .................. four o'clock ................. the afternoon..
A. at/on B. in/in C. at/ in D. on /in
6. I have studied English ......................... more than three years.
A. for B. in C. since D. at
7. Hurry up! We don't have enough time. I wish we ......................... more time we could take some more photographs.
A. had B. have C. had had D. would have
8. Every afternoon she .................... for a walk in the garden.
A. will go B. is going C. has gone D. goes
9. Nam ............... a scholarship last year.
A. was awarded B. awarded c. awards D. is awarded
10. Minh ................. me on the street last Sunday.
A. see B. sees C. saw D. has seen
III- Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Stop, Nam! It's....DANGEROUS........to be near the stove. (danger)
2 The glass pieces are dried ......COMPLETELY..... (complete)
3. My elder brother studies hard this year in order to pass the ............ENTRANCE.............. exam to the university. (enter)
IV. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
A: I (cycle just) ........HAVE JUST CYCLED..... 50 km.
B: I (cycle) .......CYCLED............ 100 km last week .
A: I (write) .......WROTE ............... an essay yesterday.
B: I (write /already) ...........HAVE ALREADY WRITTEN ................ two essays this term.
A: I (ring/ just) ...........HAVE JUST RUNG................ my friend.
B: I (ring) .........RANG................ my friend 10 minutes ago.
A: Two days ago, I (watch) ..........WATCHED .............. a Madonna concert on TV.
B: I (see/already) .........HAVE ALREADY SEEN........... Madonna live in concert.
A: I (spend) .........SPENT......... my summer holiday in Australia last year.
B: I (be/not) ............HAVEN'T BEEN............. to Australia yet.
V. Read the following passages and answer the questions.
Television is the most popular form of entertainment in the American household. People of all ages medium to entertain themselves for an average of four hours a day. Thus use this Scientists now television has had a tremendous influence on its viewers, especially children. due to say that children can be adversely affected by constantly watching television. This is the fact that they participate less in physical activities, spend less time reading and studying and see a world of violence that can affect their own feelings of security.
Ouestions:
1. Is television the most popular form of entertainment in the American household?
..........YES, IT IS...............
2. How many hours a day do people of all ages spend watching television?
........FOUR HOURS........
3. Who has television had a great influence on ?
....VIEWERS HAS TELEVISION HAD A GREAT INFLUENCE ON....
Can children be adversely affected by constantly watching TV?
.......YES, THEY CAN..........
VI-Use connectives to combine each pair of the sentences.
1. He is very tired .He has to finish his home work.(but)
.........HE IS VERY TIRED BUT HE HAS TO FINISH HIS HOMEWORK ...........
2. The room is very small. It is quite comfortable. (although)
..........ALTHOUGH THE ROOM IS VERY SMALL, IT IS QUIET COMFORTABLE ..............
3. I like watching TV .I like going to the cinema.(and)
........I LIKE WATCHING TV AND I LIKE GOING TO THE CINEMA ,TOO......
4. He got wet .He forgot his umbrella.(therefore)
........HE FORGOT HIS UMBRELLA, THEREFORE, HE GOT WET ......
5. She wears glasses She want to see better. (because)
........SHE WEARS GLASSES BECAUSE SHE WANTS TO SEE BETTER..........
6. We are saving money. We want to buy a new house. (so)
.........WE ARE SAVING MONEY SO AS TO BUY A NEW HOUSE........
I. Correct the verbs form to complete the sentences.
1. If you go away, please write to me.
2. If he eats another cake, he will be sick.
3. I wouldn't do that if I were you.
4. If he takes my advice, everything can go well.
5. He never does homework. If he does his homework, he won't worry about his exam.
6. What will you do if she refuses your invitation?
7. If today were Sunday, we would go to the beach.
8. Unless they passed their examinations, they would join the army.
9. You will be ill if you drink that water.
10. If Tom went to bed earlier, he would not be so tired.
11. If it’s raining heavily, we won't go for a donkey ride.
12. If he tries hard, he’ll pass the examination.
13. I could understand the French teacher if she spoke more slowly.
14. If I finish the work in time, I will go to the football game.
15. If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
II. Complete the sentences with the correct verb form in the bracket.
1. If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which would you choose ?
2. The flight may be cancelled if the fog gets thick.
3. If the milkman comes , tell him to leave two pints.
4. I would call the office if I were you.
5. Someone will sit on your glasses if you leave them there.
6. You would hear my explanation if you didn't talk so much.
7. What will you do if you hear the burglar alarm?
8. If you had read the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered the wrong question.
9. If Mel had asked her teacher, he’d have answered her questions.
10. I would repair the roof myself if I had a long ladder.
11. Unless they turn that radio off, I will go mad.
12. If you were made redundant, what would you do ?
13. We’ll have a long way to walk if we run out of petrol here.
14. If you shake that bottle of port, it won't be fit to drink.
15. If you spoke louder, your classmates would understand you.
16. I’ll probably get lost unless he comes with me.
17. You wouldn't have so many accidents if you drove more slowly.
18. If you had worn a false beard, nobody would have recognized you.
19. If she leaves the fish here, the cat will eat it
20. You would have had no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
Many people believe that computers are the most important invention of the last century. While I agree that computers play a key role in today’s world, I would argue that there are a couple of inventions that are far more crucial.
On the one hand, computers are an indispensable part of our lives for some reasons. Firstly, a huge amount of data can be stored on computers, which assists people in learning, researching and teaching effectively. For example, university students can easily find thousands of past papers or studies when using computers in their library. This helps to improve overall human knowledge. Secondly, computers help people who live far away from each other to interact easily. For instance, business meetings can be conducted via video conferences, which allows companies from different countries to do business together.
On the other hand, I believe there are a few more important inventions in the last century. The first one that should be mentioned is the creation of smartphones. These phones are incredibly useful as people can do many things such as sending an email or reading an online arle only with a device in their pocket. Additionally, the development of electric cars which are environmentally friendly should also receive attention. As these cars run on electricity instead of traditional fuels, they do not release harmful gas into the atmosphere, which significantly reduces air pollution and improves citizens’ health.
In conclusion, while it is true that computers play an important part of our lives, I believe that there are other inventions that have been more vital.