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\(\text{a) 3.(x-2)+x.(x-2)=0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\text{(x-2)(3+x)=0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x-2=0\\3+x=0\end{array}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=2\\x=-3\end{array}\right.\)
\(\text{Vậy x=2 hoặc x=-3}\)
\(b,4x.\left(x-2\right)-x+2\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow4x.\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(4x-1\right)\)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x-2=0\\4x-1=0\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=2\\x=\frac{1}{4}\end{array}\right.\)
Vậy x=2 hoặc \(x=\frac{1}{4}\)
a) Áp dụng bđt AM-GM: \(+\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\y^2+z^2\ge2yz\\z^2+x^2\ge2zx\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu "=" xay ra khi \(x=y=z\)
b) Bổ đề; \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng : \(A=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{3^2}{3}=3\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
c) Bổ đề: \(xy+yz+zx\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng: \(B\le\frac{3^2}{3}=3\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
d) \(A+B=x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx=\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Bài này tuy dễ nhưng hơi loằng ngoằng giữa các câu :))
a. Cách phổ thông : x2 + y2 + z2\(\ge\)xy + yz + zx
<=> 2 ( x2 + y2 + z2 )\(\ge\)2 ( xy + yz + zx )
<=> ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( y2 - 2yz + z2 ) + ( z2 - 2zx + x2 )\(\ge\)0
<=> ( x - y )2 + ( y - z )2 + ( z - x )2\(\ge\)0 ( * )
Vì ( x - y )2 \(\ge\)0 ; ( y - z )2 \(\ge\)0 ; ( z - x )2\(\ge\)0\(\forall\)x ; y ; z
=> ( * ) đúng
=> A\(\ge\)B ; dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z
b. Xài Cauchy cho mới
( x2 + y2 + z2 ) ( 12 + 12 + 12 )\(\ge\)( x + y + z )2 = 32 = 9
<=> 3 ( x2 + y2 + z2 )\(\ge\)9
<=> x2 + y2 + z2\(\ge\)3
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1
Vậy minA = 3 <=> x = y = z = 1
c. Theo câu a và câu b ta có : 3 ( xy + yz + zx )\(\le\)( x + y + z )2 = 32 = 9
<=> xy + yz + zx\(\le\)3
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = 1
Vậy maxB = 3 <=> x = y = 1
d. x + y + z = 3 . BP 2 vế ta được
x2 + y2 + z2 + 2( xy + yz + zx ) = 9
Hay A + 2B = 9 . Mà B\(\le\)3 ( câu b )
=> A + B \(\ge\)6
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1
Vậy min A + B = 6 <=> x = y = z = 1
a) Ta có: \(Q=-x^2-y^2+4x-4y+2=-\left(x^2+y^2-4x+4y-2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4+y^2+4y+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\right]+10\le10\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxQ=10 khi x=2, y=-2
b) +Ta có: \(A=-x^2-6x+5=-\left(x^2+6x-5\right)=-\left(x^2+6x+9-14\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+14=-\left(x+3\right)^2+14\le14\forall x\)
Vậy MaxA=14 khi x=-3
+Ta có: \(B=-4x^2-9y^2-4x+6y+3=-\left(4x^2+9y^2+4x-6y-3\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-5\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2\right]+5\le5\forall x,y\)
Vậy MaxB=5 khi x=-1/2, y=1/3
c) Ta có: \(P=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Vậy MinP=2 khi x=1, y=-3
\(A=\frac{5x^2+4x-1}{x^2}=\frac{9x^2-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)}{x^2}=9-\frac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{x^2}\le9\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\).
\(B=\frac{x^2}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{3x^2}{3x^2+3x+3}=\frac{4x^2+4x+4-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)}{3x^2+3x+3}=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\le\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\).
\(A=-\dfrac{4}{x^2-4x+10}\\ =-\dfrac{4}{\left(x^2-2.x.2+4+6\right)}\\ =-\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2\right)^2+6}\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+6\ge6\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2\right)^2+6}\le\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow A=-\dfrac{4}{\left(x-2\right)^2+6}\ge-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Min A=-2/3 khi x=2
\(C=\dfrac{2}{x^2+4x+5}=\dfrac{2}{\left(x+2\right)^2+1}\)
Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow C\le2\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy Min C = 2 kjhi x = -2
B = 4x - x2
B = -(x2 - 4x)
B = -(x2 - 2.2x + 4 - 4)
B = -(x - 2)2 + 4
Vi -(x - 2)2 <= 0 voi moi x
=> -(x - 2)2 + 4 <= 4
Dau "=" xay ra <=> x - 2 = 0
<=> x = 2
Vay GTLN cua B la 4 khi va chi khi x = 2