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b, \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left[\left(x-y\right)+\left(z-x\right)\right]+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(x-y\right)-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-z\right)^2\right]-\left(z-x\right)\left[\left(y-z\right)^2-\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-y+z\right)\left(x-y+y-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-z-z+x\right)\left(y-z+z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(z-x\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y+z\right)\left(x-z\right)-\left(x-z\right)\left(y-2z+x\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x-2y+z-y+2z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(3z-3y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(z-y\right)\)
c, \(x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-y\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left[\left(y-x\right)-\left(z-x\right)\right]-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(y-x\right)-y^2z^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2z^2\left(z-x\right)-z^2x^2\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-y^2z^2\right)\left(y-x\right)+\left(y^2z^2-z^2x^2\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)+z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(=y^2\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y-x\right)-z^2\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[y^2\left(x+z\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y^2x+y^2z-z^2x-z^2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(xy+xz+yz\right)\)
d, \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xyz-3xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
f: \(x^2y^2+2xy+1=\left(xy+1\right)^2\)
g: \(\left(3x-2y\right)^2+2\left(3x-2y\right)+1=\left(3x-2y+1\right)^2\)
h: \(\left(x-3y\right)^2-8\left(x-3y\right)+16=\left(x-3y-4\right)^2\)
i: \(\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)^2=4x^2\)
Bạn tự tách hđt nhé! Gõ mỏi tay :v~
\(\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(y+z-2x\right)^2+\left(z+x-2y\right)^2+\left(y+z-2z\right)^2\)
⇔ \(y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2xz+x^2+x^2-2xy+y^2=\)\(6(z^2-yz-xz+y^2-xy+x^2)\)
⇔ \(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-yz-xz-xy\right)\)=\(6(z^2-yz-xz+y^2-xy+x^2)\)
⇔ \(x^2+y^2+z^2-yz-xz-xy\) = \(3(z^2-yz-xz+y^2-xy+x^2)\)
⇔ \(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2xz-2yz=0\)
⇔ \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
Do đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ \(x=y=z\)
j lắm thế :)))
Bài 2 : ~ bài 1 ngán quá =)))
a, Có
\(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3\)
\(=\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x;y\)
Do đó không tồn tại x , y tm \(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3=0\)
b, \(x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6x+6y+15=0\)
Câu này đề sai :v bài ngta không cho 2 lần x vậy đâu bạn :)))
Câu a :
\(VT=\) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x^3-1^3=VP\)
Câu b :
\(VT=\)\(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^4-y^4=VP\)
Tương tự bạn khai triển là ra nhé
a)\(\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x^2y+2xy^2-2y^3\right)\)
\(=x^2y\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)+2xy^2\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(-2y^3\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(=4x^5y-x^3y^3+x^2y^4+8x^4y^2-2x^2y^4+2xy^5\)
\(-8x^3y^3+2xy^5-2y^6\)
\(=-2y^6+4x^5y+\left(2xy^5+2xy^5\right)+8x^4y^2+\left(x^2y^4-2x^2y^4\right)\)
\(-\left(x^3y^3+8x^3y^3\right)\)
\(=-2y^6+4x^5y+4xy^5+8x^4y^2-x^2y^4-9x^3y^3\)
b)
(!) \(2\left(x+y\right)^2-7\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)-5\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+2y-5\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
(!!) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2-x^2-y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)-x^2-y^2-z^2\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=0\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=0\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left[-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{-4\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{-6\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(-z\right)^2\)
\(x^2+2xy+y^2=z^2\)
\(x^2+y^2-z^2=-2xy\)
\(\frac{2x^2y+2xy^2}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\frac{2xy\left(x+y\right)}{-2xy}\)
\(=\frac{-2xyz}{-2xy}\)
\(=z\)
a)
\((x+y+z)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)
\(=(x+y+z-x)[(x+y+z)^2+x(x+y+z)+x^2]-(y^3+z^3)\)
\(=(y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz+x^2+xy+xz+x^2)-(y+z)(y^2-yz+z^2)\)
\(=(y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz+x^2+xy+xz+x^2-y^2+yz-z^2)\)
\(=(y+z)(3x^2+3xy+3yz+3xz)\)
\(=3(y+z)(x^2+xy+yz+xz)\)
\(=3(y+z)[x(x+y)+z(y+x)]=3(y+z)(x+z)(y+x)\)
b)
\((b-c)^3+(c-a)^3+(a-b)^3\)
\(=(b-c)^3-[(b-c)+(a-b)]^3+(a-b)^3\)
\(=(b-c)^3-[(b-c)^3+3(b-c)^2(a-b)+3(b-c)(a-b)^2+(a-b)^3]+(a-b)^3\)
\(=-3(b-c)^2(a-b)-3(b-c)(a-b)^2\)
\(-3(b-c)(a-b)[(b-c)+(a-b)]=-3(b-c)(a-b)(a-c)\)
\(=3(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)\)
e)
\(x^3-5x^2y-14xy^2\)
\(=x(x^2-5xy-14y^2)\)
\(=x[x^2+2xy-7xy-14y^2]\)
\(=x[x(x+2y)-7y(x+2y)]\)
\(=x(x-7y)(x+2y)\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=4x-2y+6z-14\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+y^2+2y+z^2-6z+14=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+\left(z^2-6z+9\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0matkhac:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0mà:\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(z-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+1=0\\z-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-1\\z=3\end{matrix}\right..Vậy:x=2;y=-1;z=3\)