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Ta có:
\(x^2-y^2+2x-4y-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y+3\right)=7\)
Vì \(x,y\) nguyên dương
Nên \(x+y+3>x-y-1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+3=7\\x-y-1=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm nguyên dương duy nhất \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(3;1\right)\)
\(x^2-y^2+2x-4y-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1-\left(y^2+y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+1\right)^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1+y+2\right)\left(x+1+y-2\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+1+2\right)\left(x-y-2-1\right)=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right)\left(x-y-1\right)=5\)
Ta có bảng GT:
| x+y+3 | 1 | 5 | -1 | -5 |
| x-y-1 | 5 | 1 | -5 | -1 |
| x | 2 | 2 | -4 | -4 |
| y | -4 | 0 | 0 | -4 |
Vậy (x,y)= (2;4) (2;0) (4;0);(-4;4)
x,y nguyên dương là:
=> Nghiệm của nguyên dương PT là: (x,y)=(2,0)
A=x 2−2x+2
=x2-2x+1+1
=(x2-2x+1)+1
=(x-1)2+1
vì (x-1)2\(\ge0\forall x\)
=>(x-1)2+1\(\ge1\)
vậy A luôn dương với mọi x
B=x2+y2+2x−4y+6
=x2+2x+1+y2-4y+4+1
=(x2+2x+1)+(y2-4y+4)+1
=(x+1)2+(y-2)2+1
do (x+1)2\(\ge0\forall x\)
(y-2)2\(\ge0\forall y\)
=>(x+1)2+(y-2)2\(\ge0\)
=>(x+1)2+(y-2)2+1\(\ge1\)
=>B\(\ge1\)
vậy B luôn dương với mọi x;y
C= x2+y2+z2+4x−2y−4z+10
=x2+4x+4+y2-2y+1+z2-4z+4+1
=(x2+4x+4)+(y2-2y+1)+(z2-4z+4)+1
=(x+2)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2+1
do (x+2)2\(\ge0\forall x\)
(y-1)2\(\ge0\forall y\)
(\(\)z-2)2\(\ge0\forall z\)
=>(x+2)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2\(\ge0\)
=>(x+2)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2+1\(\ge1\)
=>C\(\ge1\)
vậy C luôn dương với mọi x;y;z
bài 2: tìm x
a)\(x^2+y^2-2x+4y+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2x+4y+1+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=1; y=-2
b)\(5x^2+9y^2-12xy-6x+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-12xy+9y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2.3-3.y=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=2; y=3
Bài 2:
Vì \(a+b=1\)\(\Rightarrow b=1-a\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+ab=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+ab\)
\(=a^2-ab+b^2+ab=a^2+b^2\)
\(=a^2+\left(1-a\right)^2=a^2+1-2a+a^2\)
\(=2a^2-2a+1=2.\left(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=2.\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\)
Vì \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall a\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\forall a\)
hay \(a^3+b^3+ab\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow b=1-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
1. x2 - y2 + 2x - 4y - 10 = 0
<=> ( x2 + 2x + 1 ) - ( y2 + 4y + 4 ) - 7 = 0
<=> ( x + 1 )2 + ( y + 2 )2 = 7
<=> ( x + 1 + y + 2 ) ( x + 1 - y - 2 ) = 7
<=> ( x + y + 3 ) ( x - y - 1 ) = 7
Vì x ; y nguyên dương nên : ( x + y + 3 ) ( x - y - 1 ) = 7 . 1
=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=4\\x-y=2\end{cases}}\)=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
a) \(x^2+4y^2-6x-4y+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\2y-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(2x^2+y^2+2xy-10x+25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-10x+25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-5\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=-5\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
c) \(x^2+2xy+4x-4y-2xy+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-4y+5=0\)
Xem lại đề câu c).
a) x2 + 4y2 - 6x - 4y + 10 = 0
<=> x2 - 6x + 9 + 4y2 - 4y + 1 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 )2 + ( 4y - 1 )2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\4y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
b) 2x2 + y2 + 2xy - 10x + 25 = 0
<=> x2 + 2xy + y2 + x2 - 10x + 25 = 0
<=> ( x + y )2 + ( x - 5 )2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x=5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-5\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
c) Xem lại đề
a) \(x^3-2x^2-5x+6=0\)
\(x^3-x^2-x^2+x-6x+6=0\)
\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x^2-x-6=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x^2-2x+3x-6=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\left\{2;-3\right\}\end{cases}}\)
\(a,x^3-2x^2-5x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-x^2\right)-\left(x^2-x\right)-\left(6x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-x\left(x-1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x-6\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\left(h\right)x+2=0\left(h\right)x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(h\right)x=-2\left(h\right)x=3\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;1;3\right\}\)
P/S: (h) là hoặc nhé
\(x^2-y^2+2x-4y-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1-y^2-4y-4-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2=16\\\left(y+2\right)^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=4\\x+1=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}y+2=3\\y+2=-3\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x = 3; y = 1.
wrong