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8.
\(I=\int sinx.cos2xdx=\int\left(2cos^2x-1\right)sinxdx\)
\(=\int\left(1-2cos^2x\right)d\left(cosx\right)=cosx-\frac{2}{3}cos^3x+C\)
9.
\(I=\int\frac{sin2x}{1+cos^2x}dx=-\int\frac{2\left(-sinx\right).cosx}{1+cos^2x}dx=-\int\frac{d\left(cos^2x\right)}{1+cos^2x}\)
\(=-ln\left|1+cos^2x\right|+C\)
6.
\(I=\int cos^3xdx=\int\left(1-sin^2x\right)cosxdx\)
\(=\int\left(1-sin^2x\right)d\left(sinx\right)=sinx-\frac{1}{3}sin^3x+C\)
7.
\(I=\int sin^2x.cos^3xdx=\int sin^2x\left(1-sin^2x\right)cosxdx\)
\(=\int\left(sin^2x-sin^4x\right)d\left(sinx\right)=\frac{1}{3}sin^3x-\frac{1}{5}sin^5x+C\)
a)
Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x-3}\Rightarrow x=u^2+3\)
\(I_1=\int (2x-3)\sqrt{x-3}dx=\int (2u^2+3)ud(u^2+3)=2\int (2u^2+3)u^2du\)
\(\Leftrightarrow I_1=4\int u^4du+6\int u^2du=\frac{4u^5}{5}+2u^3+c\)
b)
\(I_2=\int \frac{xdx}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^3}}=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(x^2+1)}{\sqrt{(x^2+1)^2}}\)
Đặt \(u=\sqrt{x^2+1}\). Khi đó:
\(I_2=\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{d(u^2)}{u^3}=\int \frac{udu}{u^3}=\int \frac{du}{u^2}=\frac{-1}{u}+c\)
c)
\(I_3=\int \frac{e^xdx}{e^x+e^{-x}}=\int \frac{e^{2x}dx}{e^{2x}+1}=\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{d(e^{2x}+1)}{e^{2x}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow I_3=\frac{1}{3}\ln |e^{2x}+1|+c=\frac{1}{2}\ln|u|+c\)
d)
\(I_4=\int \frac{dx}{\sin x-\sin a}=\int \frac{dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2}-\frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}=\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\cos \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )dx}{2\sin \left ( \frac{x-a}{2} \right )}+\frac{1}{\cos a}\int \frac{\sin \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )dx}{2\cos \left ( \frac{x+a}{2} \right )}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{\cos a}\left ( \ln |\sin \frac{x-a}{2}|-\ln |\cos \frac{x+a}{2}| \right )+c\)
e)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow x=t^2\)
\(I_5=\int t\sin td(t^2)=2\int t^2\sin tdt\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=t^2\\ dv=\sin tdt\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=2tdt\\ v=-\cos t\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4\int t\cos tdt\)
Tiếp tục nguyên hàm từng phần \(\Rightarrow \int t\cos tdt=t\sin t+\cos t+c\)
\(\Rightarrow I_5=-2t^2\cos t+4t\sin t+4\cos t+c\)
a) Đặt \(1+\ln x=t\) khi đó \(\frac{dx}{x}=dt\) và do đó
\(I_1=\int\sqrt{t}dt=\frac{2}{3}t^{\frac{3}{2}}+C=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(1+\ln x\right)^3}+C\)
b) Đặt \(\sqrt[4]{e^x+1}=t\) khi đó \(e^x+1=t^4\Rightarrow e^x=t^4-1\) và \(e^xdx=4t^3dt\) , \(e^{2x}dx=e^x.e^xdx=\left(t^4-1\right)4t^3dt\)
Do đó :
\(I_2=4\int\frac{t^3\left(t^4-1\right)}{t}dt=4\int\left(t^6-t^2\right)dt=4\left[\frac{t^7}{7}-\frac{t^3}{3}\right]+C\)
\(=4\left[\frac{1}{7}\sqrt[4]{\left(e^x+1\right)^7}-\frac{1}{3}\sqrt[4]{\left(e^x+1\right)^3}\right]+C\)
c) Lưu ý rằng \(x^2dx=\frac{1}{3}d\left(x^3+C\right)\) do đó :
\(I_3=\int x^2e^{x^{3+6}dx}=\frac{1}{3}\int e^{x^{3+6}}d\left(x^3+6\right)=\frac{1}{3}e^{x^{3+6}}+C\)
a) Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-5}=t\) khi đó \(x=\frac{t^2+5}{2}\) , \(dx=tdt\)
Do vậy \(I_1=\int\frac{\frac{1}{4}\left(t^2+5\right)^2+3}{t^3}dt=\frac{1}{4}\int\frac{\left(t^4+10t^2+37\right)t}{t^3}dt\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\int\left(t^2+10+\frac{37}{t^2}\right)dt=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{t^3}{3}+10t-\frac{37}{t}\right)+C\)
Trở về biến x, thu được :
\(I_1=\frac{1}{12}\sqrt{\left(2x-5\right)^3}+\frac{5}{2}\sqrt{2x-5}-\frac{37}{4\sqrt{2x-5}}+C\)
b) \(I_2=\frac{1}{3}\int\frac{d\left(\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right)}{\ln\left(3x-1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\ln\left|\ln\left(3x-1\right)\right|+C\)
c) \(I_3=\int\frac{1+\frac{1}{x^2}}{\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}}dx=\int\frac{d\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-5}}\)
Đặt \(x-\frac{1}{x}=t\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(I_3=\int\frac{dt}{\sqrt{t^2-5}}=\ln\left|t+\sqrt{t^2-5}\right|+C\)
\(=\ln\left|x-\frac{1}{x}+\sqrt{x^2-7+\frac{1}{x^2}}\right|+C\)
Không phải tất cả các câu đều dùng nguyên hàm từng phần được đâu nhé, 1 số câu phải dùng đổi biến, đặc biệt những câu liên quan đến căn thức thì đừng dại mà nguyên hàm từng phần (vì càng nguyên hàm từng phần biểu thức nó càng phình to ra chứ không thu gọn lại, vĩnh viễn không ra kết quả đâu)
a/ \(I=\int\frac{9x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^3}}dx\)
Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1-x^3}\Rightarrow u^2=1-x^3\Rightarrow2u.du=-3x^2dx\)
\(\Rightarrow9x^2dx=-6udu\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{-6u.du}{u}=-6\int du=-6u+C=-6\sqrt{1-x^3}+C\)
b/ Đặt \(u=1+\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow du=\frac{dx}{2\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow2du=\frac{dx}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{2du}{u^3}=2\int u^{-3}du=-u^{-2}+C=-\frac{1}{u^2}+C=-\frac{1}{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)^2}+C\)
c/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{2x+3}\Rightarrow u^2=2x\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{u^2}{2}\\dx=u.du\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{u^2.u.du}{2u}=\frac{1}{2}\int u^2du=\frac{1}{6}u^3+C=\frac{1}{6}\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)^3}+C\)
d/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt{1+e^x}\Rightarrow u^2-1=e^x\Rightarrow2u.du=e^xdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{\left(u^2-1\right).2u.du}{u}=2\int\left(u^2-1\right)du=\frac{2}{3}u^3-2u+C\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(1+e^x\right)^2}-2\sqrt{1+e^x}+C\)
e/ Đặt \(u=\sqrt[3]{1+lnx}\Rightarrow u^3=1+lnx\Rightarrow3u^2du=\frac{dx}{x}\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u.3u^2du=3\int u^3du=\frac{3}{4}u^4+C=\frac{3}{4}\sqrt[3]{\left(1+lnx\right)^4}+C\)
f/ \(I=\int cosx.sin^3xdx\)
Đặt \(u=sinx\Rightarrow du=cosxdx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int u^3du=\frac{1}{4}u^4+C=\frac{1}{4}sin^4x+C\)
1) Đặt \(t=1+\sqrt{x-1}\Leftrightarrow x=\left(t-1\right)^2+1\forall t\ge1\Rightarrow dx=d\left(t-1\right)^2=2dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I_1=\int\frac{\left(t-1\right)^2+1}{t}\cdot2dt=2\int\frac{t^2-2t+2}{t}dt=2\int\left(t-2+\frac{2}{t}\right)dt\\ =t^2-4t+4lnt+C\)
Thay x vào ta có...
2) \(I_2=\int\frac{2sinx\cdot cosx}{cos^3x-\left(1-cos^2x\right)-1}dx=\int\frac{-2cosx\cdot d\left(cosx\right)}{cos^3x+cos^2x-2}=\int\frac{-2t\cdot dt}{t^3+t-2}\)
\(I_2=\int\frac{-2t}{\left(t-1\right)\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}dt=-\frac{2}{5}\int\frac{dt}{t-1}+\frac{1}{5}\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt-\frac{6}{5}\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}\)
Ta có:
\(\int\frac{2t+2}{t^2+2t+2}dt=\int\frac{d\left(t^2+2t+2\right)}{t^2+2t+2}=ln\left(t^2+2t+2\right)+C\)
\(\int\frac{dt}{\left(t+1\right)^2+1}=\int\frac{\frac{1}{cos^2m}}{tan^2m+1}dm=\int dm=m+C=arctan\left(t+1\right)+C\)
Thay x vào, ta có....
a/ Đặt \(lnx=t\Rightarrow\frac{dx}{x}=dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{t^2+1}{2}dt=\int\left(\frac{1}{2}t^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)dt=\frac{t^3}{6}+\frac{t}{2}+C\)
\(=\frac{ln^3x}{6}+\frac{lnx}{2}+C\)
b/ \(I=\int sin^2x.cos^2x.cosxdx=\int sin^2x\left(1-sin^2x\right)cosxdx\)
Đặt \(sinx=t\Rightarrow cosxdx=dt\)
\(I=\int t^2\left(1-t^2\right)dt=\int\left(t^2-t^4\right)dt=\frac{t^3}{3}-\frac{t^5}{5}+C\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}sin^3x-\frac{1}{5}sin^5x+C\)
c/ \(I=\int x^4\sqrt{x^2+1}xdx\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+1}=t\Rightarrow x^2=t^2-1\Rightarrow xdx=tdt\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\left(t^2-1\right)^2.t.tdt=\int\left(t^4-2t^2+1\right)t^2dt\)
\(=\int\left(t^6-2t^4+t^2\right)dt=\frac{1}{7}t^7-\frac{2}{5}t^5+\frac{1}{3}t^3+C\)
\(=\frac{1}{7}\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)^7}-\frac{2}{5}\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)^5}+\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)^3}+C\)
d/ Đặt \(1+\sqrt{x}=t\Rightarrow x=\left(t-1\right)^2\Rightarrow dx=2\left(t-1\right)dt\)
\(\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{2\left(t-1\right)dt}{t}=\int\left(2-\frac{2}{t}\right)dt=2t-2lnt+C\)
\(=2\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)-2ln\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)+C\)