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Trả lời:
\(M=\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2+5\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-2020\right)^4\ge0\forall x;\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2020=0\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2020\\y=-2021\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTNN của M = 5 khi x = 2020; y = - 2021
a) \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(A=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\)
Có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=4\) tại \(x=1\)
b) \(B=x^2+x+1\)
\(B=x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(B=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Có: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(Min_B=\frac{3}{4}\) tại \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=4x-x^2+3\)
\(C=-x^2+4x-4+8\)
\(C=8-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\)
\(C=8-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
Có: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow8-\left(x-2\right)^2\le8\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy: \(Max_C=8\) tại \(x=2\)
`a)`
`A=(x+1)(2x-1)`
`=2x^{2}+x-1`
`=2(x^{2}+(1)/(2)x-(1)/(2))`
`=2(x^{2}+(1)/(2)x+(1)/(16)-(9)/(16))`
`=2(x+(1)/(4))^{2}-(9)/(8)>= -9/8` với mọi `x`
Dấu `=` xảy ra khi :
`x+(1)/(4)=0<=>x=-1/4`
Vậy `min=-9/8<=>x=-1/4`
``
`b)`
`(4x+1)(2x-5)`
`=8x^{2}-18x-5`
`=8(x^{2}-(9)/(4)x-(5)/(8))`
`=8(x^{2}-(9)/(4)x+(81)/(64)-(121)/(64))`
`=8(x-(9)/(8))^{2}-(121)/(8)>= -(121)/(8)` với mọi `x`
Dấu `=` xảy ra khi :
`x-(9)/(8)=0<=>x=9/8`
Vậy `min=-121/8<=>x=9/8`
\(A=2x^2+x-1=2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{8}\ge-\dfrac{9}{8}\)
\(A_{min}=-\dfrac{9}{8}\) khi \(x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=8x^2-18x-5=8\left(x-\dfrac{9}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{121}{8}\ge-\dfrac{121}{8}\)
\(B_{min}=-\dfrac{121}{8}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Bài 1:
a: \(=x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}>=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3/2
b: \(=4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4=5x^2+5>=5\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
Bài 2:
a: \(=-\left(x^2-2x-4\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+5< =5\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1
b: \(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4< =4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
\(A=x^2+2x+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+5\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\) với mọi x
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy \(Min_A=5\) khi \(x=-1\)
\(x^2+2x+6\\ \\ =x^2+2x+1+5\\ =\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+5\\ \\ =\left(x+1\right)^2+5\\ Do\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu “=” xảy ra khi :
\(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy \(GTLN\) của biểu thức là \(5\) khi \(x=-1\)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
Đặt \(kk=x^2+x+5\)
\(kk=\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{19}{4}\)
\(kk=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{19}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow kk\ge\frac{19}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy ...
Đặt \(A=x^2+x+5\)
\(A=\text{[}x^2+x+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\text{]}+4,75\)
\(A=\text{ }\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4,75\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Rightarrow\text{ }\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
\(A=4,75\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Amin= 4,75 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)