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\(A=x^2+2xy+y^2+16=\left(x+y\right)^2+16\ge16\forall x\)Vậy Min A = 16 khi \(x+y=0\Rightarrow x=-y\)
\(B=9x^2+6x+y^2+4x+16=\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4x+4\right)+11\)
\(=\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+11\ge11\forall x\)
Vậy Min B = 11 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=4x^2+4x+5y^2+5y=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+5\left(y^2+y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{4}\)\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+5\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Vậy Min C = \(\dfrac{9}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=0\\y+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a: \(=x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}>=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3/2
b: \(=4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4=5x^2+5>=5\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
Bài 2:
a: \(=-\left(x^2-2x-4\right)=-\left(x^2-2x+1-5\right)=-\left(x-1\right)^2+5< =5\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1
b: \(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4< =4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
Đặt \(kk=x^2+x+5\)
\(kk=\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{19}{4}\)
\(kk=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{19}{4}\)
Mà \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow kk\ge\frac{19}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy ...
Đặt \(A=x^2+x+5\)
\(A=\text{[}x^2+x+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\text{]}+4,75\)
\(A=\text{ }\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4,75\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Rightarrow\text{ }\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+4,75\ge4,75\)
\(A=4,75\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Amin= 4,75 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(\left(x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-x^4+16=4x^2+20=4\left(x^2+5\right)\)
Ta có :
\(x^2+2xy+6x+6y+2y^2+8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+3^2+2xy+6x+6y\right)+\left(y^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right)^2+\left(y^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right)^2=1-y^2\)
Với mọi y ta có :
\(y^2\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow1-y^2\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le x+y+3\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\le x+y\le-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6056\le M\le-2019\)
Vậy...
a) \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(A=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\)
Có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=4\) tại \(x=1\)
b) \(B=x^2+x+1\)
\(B=x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(B=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Có: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(Min_B=\frac{3}{4}\) tại \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=4x-x^2+3\)
\(C=-x^2+4x-4+8\)
\(C=8-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\)
\(C=8-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
Có: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow8-\left(x-2\right)^2\le8\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy: \(Max_C=8\) tại \(x=2\)
Trả lời:
\(M=\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2+5\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-2020\right)^4\ge0\forall x;\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2020\right)^4+\left(x+y+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2020=0\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2020\\y=-2021\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy GTNN của M = 5 khi x = 2020; y = - 2021