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\(a_1,\sqrt{x}< 7\\ \Rightarrow x< 49\\ a_2,\sqrt{2x}< 6\\ \Rightarrow x< 18\\ a_3,\sqrt{4x}\ge4\\ \Rightarrow4x\ge16\\ \Rightarrow x\ge4\\ a_4,\sqrt{x}< \sqrt{6}\\ \Rightarrow x< 6\)
\(b_1,\sqrt{x}>4\\ \Rightarrow x>16\\ b_2,\sqrt{2x}\le2\\ \Rightarrow2x\le4\\ \Rightarrow x\le2\\ b_3,\sqrt{3x}\le\sqrt{9}\\ \Rightarrow3x\le9\\ \Rightarrow x\le3\\ b_4,\sqrt{7x}\le\sqrt{35}\\ \Rightarrow7x\le35\\ \Rightarrow x\le5\)
a) ( x - 3)4 + ( x - 5)4 = 82
Đặt : x - 4 = a , ta có :
( a + 1)4 + ( a - 1)4 = 82
⇔ a4 + 4a3 + 6a2 + 4a + 1 + a4 - 4a3 + 6a2 - 4a + 1 = 82
⇔ 2a4 + 12a2 - 80 = 0
⇔ 2( a4 + 6a2 - 40) = 0
⇔ a4 - 4a2 + 10a2 - 40 = 0
⇔ a2( a2 - 4) + 10( a2 - 4) = 0
⇔ ( a2 - 4)( a2 + 10) = 0
Do : a2 + 10 > 0
⇒ a2 - 4 = 0
⇔ a = + - 2
+) Với : a = 2 , ta có :
x - 4 = 2
⇔ x = 6
+) Với : a = -2 , ta có :
x - 4 = -2
⇔ x = 2
KL.....
b) ( n - 6)( n - 5)( n - 4)( n - 3) = 5.6.7.8
⇔ ( n - 6)( n - 3)( n - 5)( n - 4) = 1680
⇔ ( n2 - 9n + 18)( n2 - 9n + 20) = 1680
Đặt : n2 - 9n + 19 = t , ta có :
( t - 1)( t + 1) = 1680
⇔ t2 - 1 = 1680
⇔ t2 - 412 = 0
⇔ ( t - 41)( t + 41) = 0
⇔ t = 41 hoặc t = - 41
+) Với : t = 41 , ta có :
n2 - 9n + 19 = 41
⇔ n2 - 9n - 22 = 0
⇔ n2 + 2n - 11n - 22 = 0
⇔ n( n + 2) - 11( n + 2) = 0
⇔ ( n + 2)( n - 11) = 0
⇔ n = - 2 hoặc n = 11
+) Với : t = -41 ( giải tương tự )
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`A=sqrt{x-2}+sqrt{6-x}(2<=x<=6)`
Áp dụng BĐT `sqrtA+sqrtB>=sqrt{A+B}`
`=>A>=sqrt{x-2+6-x}=2`
Dấu "=" `<=>x=2` hoặc `x=6`
Áp dụng BĐT bunhia
`=>A<=sqrt{2(x-2+6-x)}=2sqrt2`
Dấu "=" `<=>x=4`
`C=sqrt{1+x}+sqrt{8-x}(-1<=x<=8)`
Áp dụng BĐT `sqrtA+sqrtB>=sqrt{A+B}`
`=>A>=sqrt{1+x+8-x}=3`
Dấu "=" `<=>x=-1` hoặc `x=8`
Áp dụng BĐT bunhia
`=>A<=sqrt{2(1+x+8-x)}=3sqrt2`
Dấu "=" `<=>x=7/2`
`D=2sqrt{x+5}+sqrt{1-2x}(-5<=x<=1/2)`
`=sqrt{4x+20}+sqrt{1-2x}`
Áp dụng BĐT `sqrtA+sqrtB>=sqrt{A+B}`
`=>D>=sqrt{4x+20+1-2x}=sqrt{2x+21}`
Mà `x>=-5`
`=>D>=sqrt{-10+21}=sqrt{11}`
Dấu "=" `<=>x=-5`
1/
Ta có: \(\left(1+\sqrt{15}\right)^2\)= 1 + 15 + \(2\sqrt{15}\)= 16 + \(2\sqrt{15}\)
\(\sqrt{24}^2\)= 24 = 16 + 8
Vì: \(\sqrt{15}^2\)= 15 < 16 =\(4^2\)
Nên: \(\sqrt{15}< 4\)
=> \(2\sqrt{15}< 8\)
=> \(16+2\sqrt{15}< 24\)
=> \(\left(1+\sqrt{15}\right)^2< \sqrt{24}^2\)
Vậy \(1+\sqrt{15}< \sqrt{24}\)
2/
b/ \(3x-7\sqrt{x}=20\)\(\left(x\ge0\right)\)
<=> \(3x-7\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
<=> \(3x-12\sqrt{x}+5\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
<=> \(3\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)+5\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)\left(3\sqrt{x}+5\right)=0\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}-4=0\)hoặc \(3\sqrt{x}+5=0\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x}=4\)hoặc \(3\sqrt{x}=-5\)(vô nghiệm)
<=> \(x=16\)
Vậy S=\(\left\{16\right\}\)
c/ \(1+\sqrt{3x}>3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{3x}>2\)
<=> \(3x>4\)
<=> \(x>\frac{4}{3}\)
d/ \(x^2-x\sqrt{x}-5x-\sqrt{x}-6=0\)(\(x\ge0\))
<=> \(\left(x^2-5x-6\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x^2-6x+x-6\right)-\left(x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \([x\left(x-6\right)+\left(x-6\right)]-\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-6\right)\left(x+1\right)-\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-6-\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}-6\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)[\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)]=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)=0\)
<=> \(x+1=0\) hoặc \(\sqrt{x}-3=0\)hoặc \(\sqrt{x}+2=0\)
<=> \(x=-1\)(loại) hoặc \(x=9\)hoặc \(\sqrt{x}=-2\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy S={ 9 }
Bài 1:
\(a\)) \(4\) và \(\sqrt{15}\)
Vì \(16>15\) nên \(\sqrt{16}>\sqrt{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow4>\sqrt{15}\)
\(b\)) \(5\) và \(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2=2+2\sqrt{10}+5=2\sqrt{10}+7\)
\(5^2=25\)
Suy ra: \(\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2-5^2=2\sqrt{10}+7-25\)
\(=2\sqrt{10}-18\)
\(=\sqrt{40}-\sqrt{324}< 0\)
Vậy \(5>\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)
\(a,\sqrt{2}\times x-\sqrt{50}=0\)
\(2\times x^2-50=0\)
\(2\times x^2=50\)
\(x^2=25\)
\(x=\hept{\begin{cases}-5\\5\end{cases}}\)
a) Ta có: \(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-x+\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{1}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-7}{\sqrt{x}-2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)(1)
b) Ta có: \(x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\x=4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=0 vào biểu thức (1), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{0}-2}=\dfrac{-1}{-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: Khi \(x^2-4x=0\) thì \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-6\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\left|x-4\right|+\left|x-6\right|\)
\(=\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-4\right|+\left|x-6\right|\)
\(=\left|x-4\right|+\left(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-6\right|\right)\)
\(=\left|x-4\right|+\left(\left|x-1\right|+\left|6-x\right|\right)\)
Ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-4\right|\ge0\forall x\\\left|x-1\right|+\left|6-x\right|\ge\left|x-1+6-x\right|=\left|5\right|=5\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\left|x-4\right|+\left(\left|x-1\right|+\left|6-x\right|\right)\ge5\forall x\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\1\le x\le6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
=> MinA = 5 <=> x = 4
Ta có: \(A=\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-6\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-6\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-4\right|+\left|x-6\right|\)
\(=\left|x-4\right|+\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-6\right|\)
Xét \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-6\right|\)ta có:
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-6\right|=\left|x-1\right|+\left|6-x\right|\ge\left|x-1+6-x\right|=\left|5\right|=5\)(1)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)\ge0\)
TH1: Nếu \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1< 0\\6-x< 0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< 1\\6< x\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x< 1\\x>6\end{cases}}\)( vô lý )
TH2: Nếu \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1\ge0\\6-x\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\6\ge x\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\le6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le6\)
mà \(\left|x-4\right|\ge0\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow A\ge5\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\1\le x\le6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\1\le x\le6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
Vậy \(minA=5\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)