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\(9x^2+5y^2-6xy-6x-6y+20\)
\(=9x^2+y^2+1-6x+2y-6xy+4y^2-8y+4+15\)
\(=\left(3x-y-1\right)^2+4\left(y-1\right)^2+15\ge15\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x-y-1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2}{3}\\y=1\end{cases}}\).
Lời giải:
$M=(x^2+y^2+2xy)+x^2+y^2-6x-6y+11$
$=(x+y)^2+x^2+y^2-6x-6y+11$
$=(x+y)^2-4(x+y)+4+(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-2y+1)+5$
$=(x+y-2)^2+(x-1)^2+(y-1)^2+5\geq 0+0+0+5=5$
Vậy $M_{\min}=5$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y-2=x-1=y-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=y=1$
1. \(A=2x^2-6x-2xy+y^2+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) ; \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
Vậy minA = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
2. \(A=5+2xy+14y-x^2-5y^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2+2x-2y+1\right)-\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\le15\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy maxA = 15 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10
⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1
⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1
Vì (x−y)2≥0(x−y)2≥0 ; (x−3)2≥0(x−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3
Vậy minA = 1 ⇔x=y=3⇔x=y=3
2. A=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2xA=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2x
⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15
⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15
Vì {(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0{(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32
Vậy maxA = 15 ⇔{x=12y=32
b: Tham khảo:
a: \(P=x^2-5x+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{25}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{25}{4}\ge-\dfrac{25}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=5/2
\(x^2+2xy+6x+6y+2y^2+8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)+y^2=-8\)
Ta có \(y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)\le-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)+9\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right)^2\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x+y+3\right|\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow-1\le x+y+3\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow2012\le B\le2014\)
\(B_{min}=2012\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2016=2012\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B_{max}=2014\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2016=2014\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài làm:
a) \(P=x^2-5x=\left(x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}\right)-\frac{25}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\le-\frac{25}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=-\frac{25}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
a) P = x2 - 5x
= ( x2 - 5x + 25/4 ) - 25/4
= ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4
( x - 5/2 )2 ≥ 0 ∀ x => ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4 ≥ -25/4
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 5/2 = 0 => x = 5/2
=> MinF = -25/4 <=> x = 5/2
b) Q = x2 + 2y2 + 2xy - 2x - 6y + 2015
= ( x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2x - 2y + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4y + 4 ) + 2010
= [ ( x + y )2 - 2( x + y ) + 12 ] + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
= ( x + y - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
=> MinQ = 2010 <=> x = -1 , y = 2
A = x2 - 2xy + y2 + 4x2 + 6x + 9 + 4y2 - 6x + 9 -18
A = (x-y)2+(2x+1)2+(2y-1)2 - 18 ≥ -18
vật min của A là -18 khi x = -\(\frac{1}{2}\); y = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
eyyy man