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Câu 1:
a: \(C=a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=23^2-2\cdot132=265\)
b: \(D=x^3+y^3+3xy\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy\)
\(=1-3xy+3xy=1\)
Bài làm:
a) Sửa đề:
\(A=4x-x^2=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+4\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(A_{Max}=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=-x^2-4x+5=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+9\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+9\le9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(-\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy \(B_{Max}=9\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
c) \(C=-x^2-2y^2-2xy+2y\)
\(C=-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\)
\(C=-\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2+1\le1\left(\forall x,y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x+y\right)^2=0\\-\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(C_{Max}=1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
a) Sửa : A = 4x - x2
A = -x2 + 4x - 4 + 4
A = -( x2 - 4x + 4 ) + 4
A = -( x - 2 )2 + 4
-( x - 2 )2 ≤ 0 ∀ x => -( x - 2 ) + 4 ≤ 4
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x - 2 = 0 => x = 2
Vậy AMax = 4 , đạt được khi x = 2
b) B = -x2 - 4x + 5 = -x2 - 4x - 4 + 9 = -( x2 + 4x + 4 ) + 9 = -( x + 2 )2 + 9
-( x + 2 )2 ≤ 0 ∀ x => -( x + 2 )2 + 9 ≤ 9
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> x + 2 = 0 => x = -2
Vậy BMax = 9, đạt được khi x = -2
c) C = -x2 - 2y2 - 2xy + 2y
= ( -x2 - 2xy - y2 ) + ( -y2 + 2y -1 ) + 1
= -( x2 + 2xy + y2 ) - ( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + 1
= -( x + y )2 - ( y - 1 )2 + 1
\(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(x+y\right)^2\le0\\-\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}-\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2+1\le1\forall x,y\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy CMax = 1 , đạt được khi x = -1 ; y = 1
\(1,a,A=x^2-6x+25\)
\(=x^2-2.x.3+9-9+25\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2+16\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)Với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+16\ge16\)
Hay \(A\ge16\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
\(A=2x-x^2=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\le1\)
Vậy GTLN của A là 1 khi x = 1
\(B=-x^2-4x-y^2+2=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2+6=-\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2+6\le6\)
Vậy GTLN của B là 6 khi x = -2; y = 0
\(C=19-6x-9x^2=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\le20\)
Vậy GTLN của C là 20 khi x = \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=-4x^2-6x-4=-\left(4x^2+6x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{7}{4}=-\left(2x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{4}\le-\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy GTLN của D là \(-\dfrac{7}{4}\) khi x = \(-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(E=-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2+2x-5=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-2=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\)\
Vậy GTLN của E là -2 khi x = 3
1. \(x^3-x^2+x-1=(x^3-x^2)+(x-1)\)
\(=x^2(x-1)+(x-1)=(x^2+1)(x-1)\)
2. \(6x^2y-2xy^2+3x-y=2xy(3x-y)+(3x-y)\)
\(=(3x-y)(2xy+1)\)
3. \(4x^2+1\) thì còn cái gì để phân tích hả bạn? Hay ý bạn là \(4x^4+1\)?
\(4x^4+1=(2x^2)^2+1=(2x^2)^2+1+4x^2-4x^2\)
\(=(2x^2+1)^2-(2x)^2=(2x^2+1-2x)(2x^2+1+2x)\)
4. \(x^2-9x+8=(x^2-x)-(8x-8)\)
\(=x(x-1)-8(x-1)=(x-1)(x-8)\)
5. \(x^3-2x^2y+3xy^2=x(x^2-2xy+3y^2)\)
6. \(x^2-6x+y-y^2\) (sai đề)
7. \(x^2-xy-2x+2y=(x^2-xy)-(2x-2y)\)
\(=x(x-y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x-2)\)
a) \(A=2x^2+2x+3\)
\(A=2\left(x^2+x+\frac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(A=2\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\right]\)
\(A=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\right]\)
\(A=2\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{2}\ge\frac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
b) Biến đổi mẫu thức :
\(3x^2+4x+15\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\frac{4}{3}x+5\right)\)
\(=3\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{2}{3}+\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{9}\right]\)
\(=3\left[\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{9}\right]\)
\(=3\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}\)
\(B=\frac{5}{3\left(x+\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{41}{3}}\ge\frac{5}{\frac{41}{3}}=\frac{15}{41}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{2}{3}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}\)
c) \(C=-x^2+2x-2\)
\(C=-\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
\(C=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2+1\right)\)
\(C=-\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+1\right]\)
\(C=-1-\left(x-1\right)^2\le-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
d) Biến đổi mẫu thức tương tự câu b)
\(P=\frac{xy}{\left|xy\right|}+\frac{x-y}{\left|x-y\right|}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{\left|x\right|}-\frac{y}{\left|y\right|}\right)\)
TH1: \(x,y>0\)
+) Xét \(x>y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=1+1\cdot\left(1-1\right)=1\)
+) Xét \(x< y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=1+\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(1-1\right)=1\)
TH2: \(x,y< 0\)
+) Xét \(x>y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=1+1\cdot\left[-1-\left(-1\right)\right]=1\)
+) Xét \(x< y\): \(P=\frac{xy}{xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=1\)
TH3: \(x>0;y< 0\): \(P=\frac{xy}{-xy}+\frac{x-y}{x-y}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{y}{-y}\right)=-1+1\cdot\left(1+1\right)=1\)
TH4: \(x< 0;y>0\): \(P=\frac{xy}{-xy}+\frac{x-y}{y-x}\cdot\left(\frac{x}{-x}-\frac{y}{y}\right)=-1+\left(-1\right)\cdot\left(-1-1\right)=1\)
Nói chung với mọi x, y thì P = 1
\(M=19-6x-9x^2\)
\(-M=9x^2+6x-19\)
\(=\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)-20\)
\(=\left(3x+1\right)^2-20\)
\(Do\)\(\left(3x+1\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(\left(3x+1\right)^2-20\ge-20\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(-M\ge-20\)\(\forall x\)
=> \(M\le20\)\(\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(\left(3x+1\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(3x+1=0\)
<=> \(3x=-1\)
<=> \(x=\frac{-1}{3}\)
Vậy \(M_{max}\)\(\le20\)\(khi\)\(x=\frac{-1}{3}\)
\(N=1+4x-x^2\)
\(-N=x^2-4x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)
\(Do\)\(\left(x-2\right)^2\)\(\ge0\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)\(\ge-3\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(-N\ge-3\)\(\forall x\)
=>\(N\le3\)\(\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(\left(x+2\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(x+2=0\)
<=>\(x=-2\)
Vậy \(N_{max}\)\(\le3\)\(khi\)\(x=-2\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~! :)
+) \(M=19-6x-9x^2=-9x^2-6x+19=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\)
Vì \(-\left(3x+1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow M=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20\le20\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi -(3x+1)2=0 <=>x=-1/3
Vậy Mmax=20 khi x=-1/3
+) \(N=1+4x-x^2=-x^2+4x+1=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
tiếp tục giống M
a/ \(M=6x-x^2-5\)
\(=-\left(-6x+x^2+5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9-4\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-3\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\) nên \(-\left(x-3\right)^2+4\le4\)
Vậy \(Max_M=4\) khi x = 3
b/ \(N=5-4x^2+4x\)
\(=-\left(-5+4x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-4x+1-6\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(2x-1\right)^2-6\right]\)
\(=-\left(2x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)
Vậy \(Max_N=6\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c/ \(P=-x^2-4x-y^2+2y\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+y^2-2y\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-5\right]\)
\(=-\left[\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-5\right]\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2+5\le5\)
Vậy \(Max_P=5\) khi x = -2 và y = 1
\(N=5-4x^2+4x=-\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+6\)
\(=-\left(2x-1\right)^2+6\)
Vì \(\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(2x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(2x-1\right)^2+6\le6\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow N_{max}=6\Leftrightarrow2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy, N đạt GTLN là 6 <=> \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)