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a) x ≠ 2 và x ≠ 0
b) Rút gọn được Q = x + 1 2 x
c) Thay x = 2017 (TMĐK) vào Q ta được Q = 1009 2017
1: Ta có: \(x^2-2x-5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1-6\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-6\ge-6\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
2: ta có: \(3x^2+5x-2\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{3}x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{25}{36}-\dfrac{49}{36}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{49}{12}\ge-\dfrac{49}{12}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\\ A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ B=2\left(x^2-3x\right)=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}\\ B=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\\ B_{min}=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ C=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\\ C_{max}=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
a,\(A=x^2-2x+5=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
b,\(B=2\left(x^2-3x\right)=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
c,\(=C=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left[\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-7\right]=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(B=2x^2+10x-1\)
=> \(B=2\left(x^2+5x\right)-1\)
=> \(B=2\left(x^2+2.x\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}\right)-\frac{27}{2}\)
=> \(B=2\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{27}{2}\)
Có \(2\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x
=> \(2\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{27}{2}\ge\frac{-27}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2=0\)<=> \(x+\frac{5}{2}=0\)<=> \(x=\frac{-5}{2}\)
KL: Bmin = \(\frac{-27}{2}\)<=> \(x=\frac{-5}{2}\)
\(C=5x-x^2\)
=> \(C=-\left(x^2-5x\right)\)
=> \(C=-\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}\right)+\frac{25}{4}\)
=> \(C=-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}\)
Có \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)với mọi x
=> \(-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\le0\)
=> \(C=-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}\le\frac{25}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2=0\)<=> \(x-\frac{5}{2}=0\)<=> \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)
KL: Cmax = \(\frac{25}{4}\)<=> \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)
B=2x2+10x-1=2(x2+5x-1/2)=2(x2+2*5/2*x+25/4-27/4)=2[x2+2*5/2*x+(5/2)2]-27/2=2(x+5/2)2-27/2
Ta có: (x+5/2)^2>=0(với mọi x)
=> 2(x+5/2)^2>=0(với mọi x)
=> 2(x+5/2)^2-27/2>=-27/2(với mọi x)
hay B>=-27/2( với mọi x)
Do đó, GTNN của B là -27/2 khi:
x+5/2=0
x=-5/2
Vậy GTNN của B là -27/2 khi x=-5/2
C=5x-x^2=-x^2+5x=-x^2+2*5/2*x-25/4+25/4=-[x^2-2*5/2*x+(5/2)^2]+25/4=-(x-5/2)^2+25/4
Ta có: (x-5/2)^2>=0(với mọi x)
=>-(x-5/2)^2<=0(với mọi x)
=> -(x-5/2)^2+25/4<=25/4(với mọi x) hay C<=25/4(với mọi x)
Do đó, GTLN của C là 25/4 khi: x-5/2=0
x=5/2
Vậy GTLN của C là 25/4 tại x=5/2
Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:
a) Ta có:
\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)
\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)
\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(M=2\cdot\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2,5\right]\)
\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)
Mà: \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên:
\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(2\left(x+1\right)^2+5=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy: \(M_{min}=5\) khi \(x=-1\)
b) Ta có:
\(N=x^2-x+1\)
\(N=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Mà: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên \(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=" xảy ra:
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức
a) Ta có:
\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)
\(E=-\left(4x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(E=-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)
\(E=-\left[\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)
Mà: \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\ge\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\) nên
\(\Rightarrow E=-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Vậy: \(E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
b) Ta có:
\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)
\(F=-3x^2+5x-6\)
\(F=-\left(3x^2-5x-6\right)\)
\(F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{3}x-2\right)\)
\(F=-3\left[\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{97}{36}\right]\)
\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\)
Mà: \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\) nên:
\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\le\dfrac{97}{36}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}=\dfrac{97}{36}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Vậy: \(F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{36}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)