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Read the text on the tight about the invention of semaphore. Five sentences have been removed. Choose from sentences A-F the one which fits each gap (l-4).There is one extra sentence which you do not need. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A Using ropes, these could be moved to form 49 different shapes that could be recognized easily.
B The main problem was that it could not be used during the night or on foggy days.
C These messages could be sent very quickly.
D The new republic faced enemies on all sides in the form of the forces of Britain, Austria, Holland, Prussia and Spain.
E In August 1794, it carried its first message, the news of Napoleon's victory at Le Quenoy.
F A system was built between London and the south coast, and other countries followed.
War has been called 'the mother of invention', and this was certainly true in the French Revolutionary wars in 1792. 1 | D | What the Revolutionary Government urgently needed was a reliable system of communication.
Claude Chappe, who was a priest and an engineer, had developed a telegraph system, but had not been able to test it fully. However, his brother Ignace was a member of the government, and arranged for Claude's system to be tested. It turned out to be a great success and started a new form of high-speed communication.
The two brothers had a series of towers built 5 to 10 km apart. At the top of each tower was a tall wooden mast, and they attached one horizontal and two vertical wooden beams to this mast. Claude called this system 'semaphore', which comes from the Greek meaning 'bearing a sign'. 2 (A )
Operators in each tower watched neighbouring towers through a telescope and then passed the message on to the next one in the line. The first line stretched from Paris to Lille, a distance of 2.40 km. 3 ( C). At an average speed of three signals a minute, it was carried in 20 minutes, more than 90 times faster than messengers on horseback.
Once the value of Chappe's system was understood, it soon became the standard method of communication in Europe. 4 (F ). By the time the electric telegraph was developed, France had more than 550 semaphore towers stretching 4,800km.
Unfortunately, Chappe's system had some disadvantages. 5 ( B) The towers were also expensive to maintain and the cost of staff was high. In the end, Chappe was depressed by these criticisms of his inventions and by claims from other engineers that they had invented semaphore, and he committed suicide in 1805.
Read the text on the tight about the invention of semaphore. Five sentences have been removed. Choose from sentences A-F the one which fits each gap (l-4).There is one extra sentence which you do not need. There is an example at the beginning (0).
A Using ropes, these could be moved to form 49 different shapes that could be recognized easily.
B The main problem was that it could not be used during the night or on foggy days.
C These messages could be sent very quickly.
D The new republic faced enemies on all sides in the form of the forces of Britain, Austria, Holland, Prussia and Spain.
E In August 1794, it carried its first message, the news of Napoleon's victory at Le Quenoy.
F A system was built between London and the south coast, and other countries followed.
War has been called 'the mother of invention', and this was certainly true in the French Revolutionary wars in 1792. 1 | D | What the Revolutionary Government urgently needed was a reliable system of communication.
Claude Chappe, who was a priest and an engineer, had developed a telegraph system, but had not been able to test it fully. However, his brother Ignace was a member of the government, and arranged for Claude's system to be tested. It turned out to be a great success and started a new form of high-speed communication.
The two brothers had a series of towers built 5 to 10 km apart. At the top of each tower was a tall wooden mast, and they attached one horizontal and two vertical wooden beams to this mast. Claude called this system 'semaphore', which comes from the Greek meaning 'bearing a sign'. 2 (A )
Operators in each tower watched neighbouring towers through a telescope and then passed the message on to the next one in the line. The first line stretched from Paris to Lille, a distance of 2.40 km. 3 ( C). At an average speed of three signals a minute, it was carried in 20 minutes, more than 90 times faster than messengers on horseback.
Once the value of Chappe's system was understood, it soon became the standard method of communication in Europe. 4 (F ). By the time the electric telegraph was developed, France had more than 550 semaphore towers stretching 4,800km.
Unfortunately, Chappe's system had some disadvantages. 5 (B ) The towers were also expensive to maintain and the cost of staff was high. In the end, Chappe was depressed by these criticisms of his inventions and by claims from other engineers that they had invented semaphore, and he committed suicide in 1805.
One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. He was standing at the edge of one of tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back. He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the words "More!"
The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.
"Oh, yes. That´s one of the words he knows," the director said, showing no surprise at all.
Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a "language", in the real sense of the word? Scientist don´t agree on this.
1/ The dolphin leapt into the air because
A. Sagan was too near the water
B. it was part of the game they were playing.
C. he wanted Sagan to scratch him again
D. Sagan wanted to communicate with him
2/ "Dolphins" brains are particularly well developed to
A. help them to travle fast in water
B. arrange sounds in different structures
C. respond to different kinds of sound
D. communicate with humans through sound
Fill in the blanks using who, which or where.
Egypt, 1) which is situated in north-east Africa, is a country 2) ....where... you can find many interesting things. In ancient times the Pharaohs, 3) ...who.... were regarded as gods, were buried in the pyramids. These are huge stone structures 4) ....which... took hundreds of years to build. The workers 5) ....who.... started to build them never saw them finished. Each pyramid contains many rooms, the most important of 6) .....which... is the burial chamber, 7) ....where... the body of the Pharaoh was kept. It is said that anyone 8) ...who.... enters this room will have bad luck for the rest of his life. But the great Pyramids are not the only things 9) ...which.... attract people to Egypt. The Sphinx, 10) ....where... is situated near the Pyramid of Khafre, is a huge dog-like statue. It was meant to guard the tombs from anyone 11) ....who... may have tried to rob them.
1) which is situated in north-east Africa, is a country 2).where..... you can find many interesting things. In ancient times the Pharaohs, 3) who....... were regarded as gods, were buried in the pyramids. These are huge stone structures 4) which....... took hundreds of years to build. The workers 5) .who....... started to build them never saw them finished. Each pyramid contains many rooms, the most important of 6) which........ is the burial chamber, 7) .which...... the body of the Pharaoh was kept. It is said that anyone 8) .who...... enters this room will have bad luck for the rest of his life. But the great Pyramids are not the only things 9) ..which..... attract people to Egypt. The Sphinx, 10) which....... is situated near the Pyramid of Khafre, is a huge dog-like statue. It was meant to guard the tombs from anyone 11) .who...... may have tried to rob them.
I) Read the passage again then decide whether the statements are true(T) of false(F)
Chu Van An high school is one of the oldest and most prestigious state schools in Viet Nam. Established in 1908 by the drench , the school was located beside the Wast lake , and was originally named after the location it was in . It is a very pleasant , spacious school with great views of the lake from the classroom windows.
In 1943 , the school was moves to Ninh Binh , and was not moved back to Ha Noi until 1945. In that year, the school was renamed Chu Van An , after a famous Vietnamese Confucianism teacher of the Tran Dynasty. Professor Nguyen Gia Tuong becamr the first Vietnamese principal of the school . Many famous people like ex-prime Ministeer Pham Van Dong , Docter Ton That Tung , anf poet Xuan Dieu Used to be the school;s students
Today the school is still located in the same area , and has maintained its prestige, as well as its reputation as one of the top school in Ha Noi . It is very difficult to be admitted to the school . Every year , there are around three thousand applicants but only about five hundred are admitted. Those applicants have to take an entrance examination conducted by the Department of education and training of Ha Noi
1. Chu Van An high school is one the second oldest schools in Viet Nam __T
2. It was moved to Ninh Binh in 1943__T
3. It is very difficuld to be admitted to the school __T
4. Wvery year, there are aroud three thousand applicants are admintted to the school___T
5. The applicants have to take an entrance examination__T_
1. Where is New York City ?
A. in the south of the USA B. in Amsterdam
C. in New Jersey D. in New York States
2. Why was New York originally called New Amsterdam ?
A. Because it lies in Amsterdam B. Because it is impressive and magnificent.
C. Because it used to be a fort D. Because it was founded by the Dutch
3. What is its population?
A. 5 million B. 7 million C. 19 million D. 26 million
4. Which of the followings is not a tourist attraction of New York ?
A. Empire State Building B. Golden Gate Bridge
C. Statue of Liberty D. Broadway theatre district
5. The total area of New York is_______________
A. 964 m B. 964 km C. 964 km2 D. 964 m2
6. Which of the followings is not true about New York City ?
A. New York has a lot of tourist attractions.
B. New York belonged to the Dutch when it was founded.
C. The area of New York City is 964 square kilometers.
D. The city was named New York by the Dutch.
1. Where is New York City ?
A. in the south of the USA B. in Amsterdam
C. in New Jersey D. in New York States
2. Why was New York originally called New Amsterdam ?
A. Because it lies in Amsterdam B. Because it is impressive and magnificent.
C. Because it used to be a fort D. Because it was founded by the Dutch
3. What is its population?
A. 5 million B. 7 million C. 19 million D. 26 million
4. Which of the followings is not a tourist attraction of New York ?
A. Empire State Building B. Golden Gate Bridge
C. Statue of Liberty D. Broadway theatre district
5. The total area of New York is_______________
A. 964 m B. 964 km C. 964 km2 D. 964 m2
6. Which of the followings is not true about New York City ?
A. New York has a lot of tourist attractions.
B. New York belonged to the Dutch when it was founded.
C. The area of New York City is 964 square kilometers.
D. The city was named New York by the Dutch.
The Great Wall stretches for 5,000 kilometres (1) ________
China from the East coast to the Gobi Desert. This biggest of all building projects was begun 2,000 years
ago during the Qin Dynasty. Separately built walls were all joined up to form one huge line, supposedly
to (2) ________ any invading nomads. The project used thousands of workers, many of them prisoners.
Around 180 million cubic metres of earth were used to form the wall’s core. The wall was not particularly
successful as a deterrent to invaders. However, it was very useful as a kind of ancient, elevated motorway.
Men and equipment could be easily moved along the wall, through the previously (3) ________,
mountainous land. Also, a very useful communication system was developed between the different
sections of the wall. Smoke signals were used to send messages quickly anywhere along the wall’s length.
Now, the Great Wall is China’s most popular tourist attraction. It has suffered some decay and destruction
over the centuries. Parts have been (4) ________ by the wind and weather. Other sections have been
destroyed by local peasants who carried off the materials to make their own homes. However, the wall is
still an amazing sight, and a lasting monument to the ancient Chinese civilization that (5) ________it.
Question 1: A. across B. covering C. between D. through
Question 2: A. keep on B. keep out C. keep from D. drive away
Question 3: A. inhospitable B. inhabited C. devastating D. irresponsible
Question 4: A. blown away B. washed away C. wiped out D. worn away
Question 5: A. designed B. discovered C. caused D. created