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7.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow10\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=3\left(x^2+2\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x+1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow10ab=3\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2-10ab+3b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-3b\right)\left(3b-a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3b\\3a=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=3\sqrt{x+1}\\3\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=\sqrt{x-1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+1=9x+9\\9x^2-9x+9=x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-10x-8=0\\9x^2-10x+10=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (casio)
6.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4=3\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x+1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2=3ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-3ab+2b^2=0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm (vế phải là \(5\sqrt{x^3+1}\) sẽ hợp lý hơn)
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Câu 1:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=2\left(x+1\right)\)
- Với \(x< -1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT\ge0\\VP< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) pt vô nghiệm
- Nhận thấy \(x=-1\) là 1 nghiệm
- Nếu \(x>-1\) kết hợp ĐKXĐ các căn thức ta được \(x\ge1\), pt tương đương:
\(\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=2\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+6+x-1+2\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x^2+4x-6}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(2x^2+4x-6\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2+18x-25=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\frac{25}{7}< 0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm \(x=\pm1\)
Câu 2:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+1-\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|=2\)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{x-1}-1\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge2\) pt trở thành:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-\sqrt{x-1}+1=2\Leftrightarrow2=2\) (luôn đúng)
- Nếu \(1\le x< 2\) pt trở thành:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+1-1+\sqrt{x-1}=2\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(l\right)\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(x\ge2\)
Câu 3:
Bình phương 2 vế ta được:
\(2x^2+2x+5+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=2x^2+2x+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+4\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=4\)
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a>0\) pt trở thành:
\(a\left(a+3\right)=4\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1=1\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 5:
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1-4\sqrt{x-1}+4}+\sqrt{x-1-6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-3\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-3\right|=1\)
Mà \(VT=\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2\right|+\left|3-\sqrt{x-1}\right|\ge\left|\sqrt{x-1}-2+3-\sqrt{x-1}\right|=1\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\Rightarrow\) Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}-2\ge0\\\sqrt{x-1}-3\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow5\le x\le10\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(5\le x\le10\)
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\(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{2x-4}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{2x-4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)+2\sqrt{2\left(x-2\right)}+2}+\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)-2\sqrt{2\left(x-2\right)}+2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{2}+\left|\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{2}\right|\)
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a/ Sai đề.
\(x+2\sqrt{2x-4}=\left(x-2\right)+2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{x-2}+2=\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x-2}\right)^2\)
b/ \(M=\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{2x-4}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{2x-4}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x-2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{x-2}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x-2}+\left|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{x-2}\right|\)
1. Nếu \(2\le x\le4\) thì \(M=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{x-2}=2\sqrt{2}\)
2. Nếu \(x>4\) thì \(M=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+4}\)=2x-2
<=>x2-2x+4=(2x-2)2
<=>x2-2x+4=4x2-8x+4
<=>-3x2+6x=0
<=>-3x(x-6)=0
<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}-3x=0\\x-6=0\end{cases}}\)<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=6\end{cases}}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+4}=2x-2\)
Bình phương 2 vế với điều kiện\(x\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+4=\left(2x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+4=4x^2-8x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-8x+4-x^2+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-6x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\left(KTM\right)\\x=2\left(TM\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{2\right\}\)