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b)Ta chứng minh công thức \(1^2+2^2+...+n^2=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\) (*)
Với n=1 (*) đúng
Giả sử (*) đúng với n=k, khi đó ta có
\(1^2+2^2+...+k^2=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}\) (1)
Ta chứng minh (1) đúng với n=k+1, từ (1) suy ra:
\(1^2+2^2+...+k^2+\left(k+1\right)^2=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+\left(k+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(k+1\right)\left(\frac{k\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+k+1\right)=\left(k+1\right)\frac{2k^2+7k+6}{6}\)
\(=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(2k^2+4k+3k+6\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left[2k\left(k+2\right)+3\left(k+2\right)\right]}{6}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(2k+3\right)}{6}\)
Theo nguyên lí quy nạp ta có ĐPCM
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(B=\frac{98\left(98+1\right)\left(2\cdot98+1\right)}{6}=318549\)
a)\(A=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+98\cdot99\)
\(3A=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot\left(4-1\right)+...+98\cdot99\left(100-97\right)\)
\(3A=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot4-1\cdot2\cdot3+...+98\cdot99\cdot100-97\cdot98\cdot99\)
\(3A=98\cdot99\cdot100=\frac{98\cdot99\cdot100}{3}=323400\)
\(C=1.99+2.98+3.97+...+98.2+99.1\)
\(=1.99+2.\left(99-1\right)+3.\left(99-2\right)+...+98.\left(99-97\right)+99.\left(99-98\right)\)
\(=1.99+2.99+3.99+...+98.99+99.99-\left(1.2+2.3+...+97.98+98.99\right)\)
\(A=1.99+2.99+...+99.99\)
\(B=1.2+2.3+...+98.99\)
\(A=1.99+2.99+...+99.99\)
\(=99.\left(1+2+...+99\right)\)
\(=99.\frac{99.\left(99+1\right)}{2}=490050\)
\(B=1.2+2.3+...+98.99\)
\(3B=1.2.3+2.3.\left(4-1\right)+...+98.99.\left(100-97\right)\)
\(=1.2.3+2.3.4-1.2.3+...+98.99.100-97.98.99\)
\(=98.99.100\)
\(B=\frac{98.99.100}{3}=323400\)
\(C=A-B=166650\)
a) Đặt B = \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{97}+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{99}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{97}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{51}\right)\)
\(=\frac{100}{1.99}+\frac{100}{3.97}+...+\frac{100}{49.51}\)
\(=100\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{99.1}\right)\)
Đặt C = \(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{99.1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{99.1}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3.97}+\frac{1}{97.3}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49.51}+\frac{1}{51.49}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\frac{1}{1.99}+2\cdot\frac{1}{3.97}+...+2\cdot\frac{1}{49.51}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)\)
Thay B và C vào A
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{100\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)}{2\left(\frac{1}{1.99}+\frac{1}{3.97}+...+\frac{1}{49.51}\right)}=\frac{100}{2}=50\)
b) Đặt E = \(\frac{99}{1}+\frac{98}{2}+\frac{97}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}\)
\(=\left(\frac{98}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{97}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{99}+1\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{100}{2}+\frac{100}{3}+...+\frac{100}{99}+\frac{100}{100}\)
\(=100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
Thay E vào B
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}}{100\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)}=\frac{1}{100}\)