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B1 : S = 1 + 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + ... + 2^2008 / 1 - 2^2009
Đặt A = 1 + 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + ... + 2^2008
2A = 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + 2^3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^2009
2A - A = ( 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + 2^4 + ... + 2^2009 ) - ( 1 + 2 + 2^2 + 2^3 + ... + 2^2008 )
A = 2^2009 - 1
S = 2^2009 - 1 / 1 - 2^2009
S = -1
xét B=-3/4+(3/4)^2-.......-(3/4)^n với n lẻ,n>=1
=>-3/4.B=(3/4)^2-(3/4)^3+.........+(3/4)...
trừ theo vế suy ra 7/4.B=-3/4-(3/4)^(n+1)
=>7B=-3-(3/4)^n
=>A=1+B=1-(3+(3/4)^n)/7
do <0(3/4)^n <1
suy ra 0< 3+(3/4)^n <7
suy ra (3+(3/4)^n)/7 ko là số nguyên
suy ra A ko nguyên
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\(1-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}-...-\frac{1}{2009^2}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{2009^2}\right)\)
\(>1-\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2008.2009}\right)\)
\(=1-\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2008}-\frac{1}{2009}\right)\)
\(=1-\left(1-\frac{1}{2009}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2009}\)
\(B=1+5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2008}+5^{2009}\)
\(\Rightarrow 5B=5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2009}+5^{2010}\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(5B-B=(5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2009}+5^{2010})-(1+5+5^2+...+5^{2009})\)
\(4B=5^{2010}-1\)
\(B=\frac{5^{2010}-1}{4}\)
\(S=\frac{3^0+1}{2}+\frac{3^1+1}{2}+\frac{3^2+1}{2}+..+\frac{3^{n-1}+1}{2}\)
\(=\frac{3^0+3^1+3^2+...+3^{n-1}}{2}+\frac{\underbrace{1+1+...+1}_{n}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{3^0+3^1+3^2+..+3^{n-1}}{2}+\frac{n}{2}\)
Đặt \(X=3^0+3^1+3^2+..+3^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow 3X=3^1+3^2+3^3+...+3^{n}\)
Trừ theo vế:
\(3X-X=3^n-3^0=3^n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow X=\frac{3^n-1}{2}\). Do đó \(S=\frac{3^n-1}{4}+\frac{n}{2}\)
Đầu tiên ta chứng minh \(\frac{1}{n.n}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)}\)(n thuộc N*)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n+\left(n-1\right)}=\frac{1}{n.n-n+n-1}=\frac{1}{n.n-1}>\frac{1}{n.n}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2009^3}< \frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2008.2009.2010}\)
\(S< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{2}{2008.2009.2010}\right)\)
\(S< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2008.2009}-\frac{1}{2009.2010}\right)\)
\(S< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2009.2010}\right)\)
\(S< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\)
=> S < 1/4 (đpcm)
Ủng hộ mk nha ^_-
cho mình hỏi tại sao:
1/2 . (1/1.2−1/2009.2010) = 1/2 . 1/2