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Bài 1
a) \(P=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{a+\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-\sqrt{a}}\) (ĐK : x\(\ge0\) ; x\(\ne\) 1)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-a+1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
Vậy để P là số nguyên thì: \(\sqrt{a}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)\)
Mà Ư(2)={-1;1;2;-1}
=> \(\sqrt{a}-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| \(\sqrt{a}-1\) | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
| a | 4 | 0 | 9 | \(\sqrt{a}=-1\) (ktm) |
vậy a={0;4;9} thì P nguyên
Bài 2
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a+4\sqrt{a-4}}+\sqrt{a-4\sqrt{a-4}}}{\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{a}+\frac{16}{a^2}}}\)(ĐK:a\(\ge\)8)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)+4\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)-4\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a-4}+2+\sqrt{a-4}-2:\frac{a-4}{a}\)
\(=2\sqrt{a-4}\cdot\frac{a}{a-4}\)
\(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a-4}}\)
a ) \(\sqrt{12-2\sqrt{11}}-\sqrt{11}=\sqrt{11}-1-\sqrt{11}=-1\)
b ) \(x-4+\sqrt{16-8x+x^2}\left(x>4\right)\)
\(=x-4+x-4=-8\)
c ) \(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{2}+1=2\sqrt{2}\)
a,
\(\sqrt{12-2\sqrt{11}}-\sqrt{11}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{11}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{11}\\ =\left|\sqrt{11}-1\right|-\sqrt{11}\\ =\sqrt{11}-1-\sqrt{11}\\ =-1\)
b,
\(x-4+\sqrt{16-8x+x^2}\\ =x-4+\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)^2}\\ =x-4+\left|4-x\right|\\ =x-4+x-4\\ =2x-8\\ =2\left(x-4\right)\)
c,
\(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}\\ =\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{2}+1\right|\\ =\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{2}+1\\ =2\sqrt{2}\)
d,
\(A=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-8+2a-4\sqrt{a}}{a-4}\\ =\dfrac{\left(a\sqrt{a}-4\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(2a-8\right)}{a-4}\\ =\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)\sqrt{a}+2\left(a-4\right)}{a-4}\\ =\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(a-4\right)}\\ =\sqrt{a}+2\)
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\(A=\frac{a\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)-4\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{a-4}=\frac{\left(a-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{a-4}=\sqrt{a}+2\)
\(B=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}}}=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}=12\sqrt{3}\)
C k thấy đề
\(A=\frac{a\sqrt{a}-8+2a-4\sqrt{a}}{a-4}=\frac{\left(a\sqrt{a}-4\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(2a-8\right)}{a-4}=\frac{\left(a-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{a-4}=\sqrt{a}+2\)
\(B=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{6}}-\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{6}}}=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{1+6+2\sqrt{6}}-\sqrt{1+6-2\sqrt{6}}}\)
\(=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{\left(1+\sqrt{6}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}}=\frac{12\sqrt{6}}{1+\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{6}+1}=6\sqrt{6}\)
\(C=\frac{\sqrt{c^2+2c+1}}{\left|c\right|-1}=\frac{\left|c+1\right|}{\left|c\right|-1}\)
a) ĐK: \(a\ge4\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a+4\sqrt{a-4}}+\sqrt{a-4\sqrt{a-4}}}{\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{a}+\frac{16}{a^2}}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)+4\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)-4\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{\left|1-\frac{4}{a}\right|}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a-4}+2+\left|\sqrt{a-4}-2\right|}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)
Nếu \(4\le a< 8\)thì: \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a-4}+2+2-\sqrt{a-4}}{1-\frac{4}{a}}=\frac{4}{\frac{a-4}{a}}=\frac{4a}{a-4}\)
Nếu \(a\ge8\)thì: \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a-4}+2+\sqrt{a-4}-2}{1-\frac{4}{a}}=\frac{2\sqrt{a-4}}{\frac{a-4}{a}}=\frac{2a\sqrt{a-4}}{a-4}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}\right)^2+2.2.\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}\right)^2-2.2.\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{1^2-2.\frac{4}{a}}+\frac{4^2}{a^2}}\)
=\(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)
=\(\frac{|\sqrt{a-4}+2|+|\sqrt{a-4}-2|}{|1-\frac{4}{a}|}\)
=\(\frac{a-4+2+a-4-2}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)
=\(\frac{2a-8}{\frac{a-4}{a}}\)
=\(\frac{2.\left(a-4\right)}{\frac{a-4}{a}}\)
=\(2.\left(a-4\right).\frac{a}{a-4}\)
=2a
(ĐKXĐ: a khác 4)
Đáp án đúng : B