Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

17 tháng 1 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

The word "reckless" can be best replaced by ________.

A. recorded

B. irresponsible

C. informative

D. urgent

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

17 tháng 1 2018

Đáp án B

reckless (adj) = irresponsible (adj): thiếu thận trọng, liều lĩnh

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

16 tháng 6 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

Why did vitamins therapy begin losing favour in the 1950's?

A. The public lost interest in vitamins.

B. Medical schools stopped teaching nutritional concepts

C. Nutritional research was of poor quality.

D. Claims for the effectiveness of vitamin therapy were seen to be exaggerated

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

16 tháng 6 2017

Đáp án D

"Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control… that lead to chronic health problems"

Dịch: Những sự mong đợi thành công về việc vitamin có thể kiểm soát bệnh tật đã đi quá đà. Như đã biết trong quá khứ, liệu pháp trị bệnh bằng vitamin và chất khoáng thì ít có hiệu quả hơn khi áp dụng với tình trạng khủng hoảng sức khỏe so với khi áp dụng cho vấn đề về dinh dưỡng lâu dài mà điều này dẫn đến các vấn đề sức khỏe kinh niên

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

12 tháng 8 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

The word "tempting" is closest meaning to ________

A. necessary

B. attractive

C. realistic

D. correct

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

12 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án B

tempting (adj) = attractive (adj): hấp dẫn, thu hút.

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

13 tháng 10 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

The word "skyrocketing" is closest meaning to ________.

A. internationally popular

B. acceptable

C. increasing rapidly

D. surprising

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

13 tháng 10 2017

Đáp án C

skyrocket = increase rapidly: tăng vọt

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

30 tháng 12 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

The word "them" refers to ________.

A. therapies

B. claims

C. effects

D. vitamins

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

30 tháng 12 2018

Đáp án D

"Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them."

Dịch: Những tuyên bố thiếu thận trọng về hiệu quả của vitamin đã đi khá xa so với những cái có thể đạt được từ việc sử dụng chúng.

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

25 tháng 4 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42. The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.

It can be inferred from the passages that which of the following discoveries was made during the first era in the history of nutrition?

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods

C. Effective technique of weight loss were determined.

D. Certain food were found to be harmful to good health.

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

25 tháng 4 2018

Đáp án A

"Near the end of this era…associated with certain food"

Dịch: Gần cuối của giai đoạn này, các nghiên cứu chứng minh rằng sự giảm cân nhanh chóng có liên quan đến sự thiếu cân bằng nitrogen và có thể điều chỉnh bằng việc cung cấp protein có trong thức ăn hằng ngày

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

14 tháng 2 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34. The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called “the vitamin period”. Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of vitamin deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950s to mid-1960s, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made during the first era in the history of nutrition?

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.

C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.

D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

14 tháng 2 2017

Chọn A.

Đáp án A.

Dịch câu hỏi: Có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn những phát hieienj nào sau đây được thực hiện trong kỷ nguyên đầu tiên trong lịch sử dinh dưỡng?

A. Protein được công nhận là một thành phần thiết yếu của chế độ ăn uống.

B. Vitamin được tổng hợp từ thực phẩm.

C. Các kỹ thuật giảm cân hiệu quả đã được xác định.

D. Một số loại thực phẩm được phát hiện là có hại cho sức khỏe.

Câu cuối đoạn 1: “Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.”

(Gần cuối kỷ nguyên này, các nghiên cứu đã chứng minh rằng giảm cân nhanh có liên quan đến mất cân bằng nitơ và chỉ có thể được khắc phục bằng cách cung cấp đầy đủ protein trong chế độ ăn uống liên quan đến một số loại thực phẩm.)

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

30 tháng 5 2018

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called “the vitamin period.” Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made during the first era in the history of nutrition?

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.

C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.

D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

30 tháng 5 2018

Đáp án A.

Key words: discoveries, first era, history of nutrition

Clue: Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods: Gần cuối giai đoạn này, các nghiên cứu chứng minh rằng việc giảm cân nhanh chóng có liên quan tới việc mất cân bằng nitơ và chỉ có thể được điều chỉnh bằng việc cung cấp đầy đủ protein trong chế độ ăn kết hợp với các loại thực phẩm nhất định.

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet: protein được nhìn nhận như một thành phần thiết yếu của chế độ ăn.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods: vitamin được tổng hợp từ thực phẩm.

C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined: xác định được những kỹ thuật hiệu quả để giảm cân.

D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health: một số loại thực phẩm nhất định được phát hiện ra là có hại cho sức khỏe.

Vậy đáp án chính xác là A

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

10 tháng 3 2019

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions. The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.

The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.

The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period. " Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The stages of development of clinical nutrition as a field of study

B. The effects of vitamins on the human body

C. Nutritional practices of the nineteenth century

D. The history of food preferences from the nineteenth century to the present

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

10 tháng 3 2019

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về vấn đề gì?

A. Các giai đoạn phát triển dinh dưỡng lâm sàng như một lĩnh vực nghiên cứu

B. Tác dụng của vitamin đối với cơ thể con người.

C. Thực hành dinh dưỡng của thế kỷ XIX

D. Lịch sử sở thích ẩm thực từ thế kỷ XIX đến nay

Thông tin: The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras:

Tạm dịch: Lịch sử của khoa học dinh dưỡng lâm sàng, hay nghiên cứu về mối quan hệ giữa sức khỏe và cách cơ thể hấp thụ và sử dụng thực phẩm, có thể được chia thành bốn thời kỳ khác nhau:

Chọn A

Dịch bài đọc:

Lịch sử của khoa học dinh dưỡng lâm sàng, hay nghiên cứu về mối quan hệ giữa sức khỏe và cách cơ thể hấp thụ và sử dụng thực phẩm, có thể được chia thành bốn thời kỳ khác nhau: thời kì đầu tiên bắt đầu vào thế kỷ XIX và mở rộng vào đầu thế kỷ XX khi nó được được công nhận lần đầu tiên rằng các thành phần có

trong thực phẩm rất cần thiết cho các chức năng của con người và các loại thực phẩm khác nhau cung cấp lượng khác nhau của các chất quan trọng này. Gần cuối của thời kỳ này, các nghiên cứu đã chứng minh rằng giảm cân nhanh chóng có một mối liên kết với sự mất cân bằng nitơ và chỉ có thể được chữa bằng cách cung cấp đầy đủ protein trong một số thực phẩm nhất định.

Thời kì thứ hai đã bắt đầu trong những thập niên đầu của thế kỷ XX và có thể được gọi là “kỉ nguyên Vitamin”. Các vitamins đã được công nhận trong thực phẩm, và các hội chứng suy giảm đã được mô tả. Vì vitamin đã được công nhận là thành phần thực phẩm thiết yếu cần thiết cho sức khỏe, đã thật hấp dẫn khi đưa ra ý kiến mọi bệnh tật và tình trạng mà trước đó không có cách điều trị hữu hiệu đều có thể có phản ứng với liệu pháp vitamin . Tại thời điểm đó, các trường dược bắt đầu quan tâm nhiều hơn trong việc có các chương trình giảng dạy của họ tích hợp các khái niệm dinh dưỡng vào các ngành khoa học cơ bản. Phần lớn trọng tâm của sự giáo dục này là việc phát hiện (chữa trị) các triệu chứng suy giảm. Đây chính là sự khởi đầu của quá trình từ việc không biết gì về vitain, cuối cùng đến việc phủ định giá trị của các liệu pháp dinh dưỡng trong dược học.. Những tuyên bố thiếu thận trọng được đưa ra về những hiệu quả của vitamin đã vượt xa những gì thực sự có thể đạt được từ việc sử dụng chúng.

Trong thời kì thứ ba của lịch sử dinh dưỡng vào đầu những năm 1950 giữa những năm1960, liệu pháp vitamjn bắt đầu mất uy tín. Đồng thời với điều này, giáo dục dinh dưỡng trong các trường y tế cũng trở nên ít phổ biến hơn. Chỉ mới một thập kỷ trước khi mà nhiều công ty dược phẩm có doanh số bán hàng vitamin của họ tăng vọt và nhanh chóng cung cấp cho các bác sĩ thực hành các mẫu vitamin lớn và văn học ca ngợi những ưu điểm trong việc hỗ trợ cho một loạt tình trạng liên quan tới sức khỏe. Mong đợi sự thành công của vitamin trong kiểm soát bệnh dịch đã được phóng đại. Như được biết đến trong quá khứ, liệu pháp vitamin và khoáng chất ít hiệu quả hơn nhiều khi áp dụng cho điều kiện sức khỏe suy yếu so với khi áp dụng cho các vấn đề lâu dài của thiếu dinh dưỡng dẫn đến các vấn đề sức khỏe mãn tính.

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