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1) \(\frac{1}{x-3}\) và \(\frac{5}{x^2-3x}\)
Ta có: \(1.\left(x^2-3x\right)=x^2-3x\)
\(\left(x-3\right).5=5x-15\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-3x\ne5x-15\)
\(\Rightarrow1.\left(x^2-3x\right)\ne\left(x-3\right).5\)
Vậy: \(\frac{1}{x-3}\ne\frac{5}{x^2-3x}\)
2) \(\frac{x}{x^2+x}\) và \(\frac{2}{x-1}\) và \(\frac{x+2}{x^2-1}\)
Ta có: \(x.\left(x-1\right)=x^2-x\)
\(2.\left(x^2+x\right)=2x^2+2x\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x\ne2x^2+2x\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\left(x-1\right)\ne2.\left(x^2+x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1-3x}{2x}\ne\frac{2}{x-1}\) (1)
Ta lại có: \(2.\left(x^2-1\right)=2x^2-2\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=x^2+2x-x-2\)
\(=x^2-x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-2\ne x^2-x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(x^2-1\right)\ne\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x-1}\ne\frac{x+2}{x^2-1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{x}{x^2+x}\ne\frac{2}{x-1}\ne\frac{x+2}{x^2-1}\)
3) \(\frac{1-3x}{2x}\) và \(\frac{3x-2}{2x-1}\) và \(\frac{3x-2}{4x^2-2x}\)
Ta có:\(\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)=2x-1-6x^2+3x\)
\(=5x-1-6x^2\)
\(2x.\left(3x-2\right)=6x^2-4x\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-1-6x^2\ne6x^2-4x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1-3x\right)\left(2x-1\right)\ne2x\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1-3x}{2x}\ne\frac{3x-2}{2x-1}\)(1)
Ta lại có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x^2-2x\right)=12x^2-6x^2-8x^2+4x\)
\(=12x^3-14x^2+4x\)
\(\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)=6x^2-4x-3x+2\)
\(=6x^2-7x+2\)
\(\Rightarrow12x^3-14x^2+4x\ne6x^2-7x+2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x^2-2x\right)\ne\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x-2}{2x-1}\ne\frac{3x-2}{4x^2-2x}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1-3x}{2x}\ne\frac{3x-2}{2x-1}\ne\frac{3x-2}{4x^2-2x}\)
a) \(\frac{3x+6}{x^2-4}=\frac{3\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{3}{x-2}\)( ĐKXĐ : x ≠ ±2 )
\(\frac{2x+6}{x^3+3x^2-9x-27}=\frac{2\left(x+3\right)}{x^2\left(x+3\right)-9\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-9\right)}=\frac{2}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : x ≠ ±3 )
MTC : ( x - 2 )( x - 3 )( x + 3 )
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{3}{x-2}=\frac{3\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{3\left(x^2-9\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{3x-27}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\\\frac{2}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{4x-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\frac{x^2-4x+4}{2x^2-3x+1}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{2x^2-2x-x+1}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne1\\x\ne\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\))
\(\frac{x+4}{2x-2}=\frac{x+4}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : x ≠ 1 )
MTC : \(2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\frac{2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\frac{2x^2-8x+8}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\\\frac{x+4}{2\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\frac{2x^2+7x-4}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\frac{6a}{a-b}\)( ĐKXĐ : a ≠ b ) ; \(\frac{2b}{b-a}=\frac{-2b}{a-b}\)( ĐKXĐ : a ≠ b) ; \(\frac{5}{a^2-b^2}=\frac{5}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : a ≠ ±b )
MTC : \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
=> \(\frac{6a}{a-b}=\frac{6a\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{6a^2+6ab}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\frac{-2b}{a-b}=\frac{-2b\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{-2ab-2b^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\frac{5}{a^2-b^2}=\frac{5}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
d) \(\frac{x}{x^2+11x+30}=\frac{x}{x^2+5x+6x+30}=\frac{x}{x\left(x+5\right)+6\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : x ≠ -5 ; x ≠ -6 )
\(\frac{5}{x^2+9x+20}=\frac{5}{x^2+4x+5x+20}=\frac{5}{x\left(x+4\right)+5\left(x+4\right)}=\frac{5}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)}\)( ĐKXĐ : x ≠ -4 ; x ≠ -5 )
MTC : \(\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}=\frac{x\left(x+4\right)}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}=\frac{x^2+4x}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}\\\frac{5}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{5\left(x+6\right)}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}=\frac{5x+30}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right)}\end{cases}}\)
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