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Ta có :
\(I=\int\frac{dx}{\left(3\tan^2x-2\tan x-1\right)\cos^2x}=\int\frac{d\left(\tan x\right)}{3\tan^2x-2\tan x-1}\)
Đặt \(t=\tan x\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{dt}{3t^2-2t-1}=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\int\left(\frac{1}{t-1}-\frac{1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\right)dt\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{t-1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\right|=\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{3t-3}{3t +3}\right|+C\)
Thay trả lại :
\(t=\tan x\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{3\tan x-3}{3\tan x+1}\right|+C\)
Thực hiện theo các bước sau :
Bước 1 : Biến đổi :
\(a_1\sin x+b_1\cos x=A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x-b_2\sin x\right)\)
Bước 2 : Khi đó :
\(I=\int\frac{A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x-b_2\sin x\right)}{\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)^2}dx=A\int\frac{dx}{a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x}+B\int\frac{\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)dx}{\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{A}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\int\frac{dx}{\sin\left(x+\alpha\right)}-B\int\frac{1}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}dx=\frac{A}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\ln\left|\tan\left(\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right)\right|-\frac{B}{a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x}+C\)
Trong đó : \(\sin\alpha=\frac{b_2}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}_{ }};\cos\alpha=\frac{a_2}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\)
\(I=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\int\frac{dx}{\sin\left(x+\alpha\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\int\frac{dx}{2\sin\frac{x+\alpha}{2}.\cos\frac{x+\alpha}{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\int\frac{dx}{2\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}.\cos^2\frac{x+\alpha}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\int\frac{d\left(\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right)}{\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\ln\left|\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right|+C\)
Ta thực hiện theo các bước sau :
Bước 1 : Biến đổi
\(a_1\sin^2x+b_1\sin x\cos x+c_1\cos^2x=\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+C\left(\sin^2x+\cos^2x\right)\)
Bước 2 : Khi đó :
\(I=\int\frac{\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+C\left(\sin^2x+\cos^2x\right)}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}\)
\(=\int\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)+C\int\frac{dx}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}\)
= \(-A\cos x+B\sin x+\sqrt{\frac{C}{a^2_a+b_2^2}}\int\frac{dx}{\sin\left(x+\alpha\right)}\)
=\(-A\cos x+B\sin x+\frac{C}{\sqrt{a_2^2+b^2_2}}\ln\left|\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right|+C\)
Trong đó :
\(\sin\alpha=\frac{b_2}{\sqrt{a_2^2}+b^{2_{ }}_2};\cos\alpha=\frac{a_2}{\sqrt{a_2^2}+b^{2_{ }}_2}\)
a)
Ta có \(A=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x\cos^2xdx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{4}}_{0}\cos 2x(\cos 2x+1)d(2x)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos x(\cos x+1)dx=\frac{1}{4}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}\cos xdx+\frac{1}{8}\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{0}(\cos 2x+1)dx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin x+\frac{1}{16}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|\sin 2x+\frac{1}{8}\left.\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{2}\\ 0\end{matrix}\right|x=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\pi}{16}\)
b)
\(B=\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\frac{e^x}{e^{2x}-1}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{1}_{\frac{1}{2}}\left ( \frac{1}{e^x-1}-\frac{1}{e^x+1} \right )d(e^x)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ \frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right|\left | \frac{e^x-1}{e^x+1} \right |\approx 0.317\)
c)
Có \(C=\int ^{1}_{0}\frac{(x+2)\ln(x+1)}{(x+1)^2}d(x+1)\).
Đặt \(x+1=t\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{(t+1)\ln t}{t^2}dt=\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t}dt+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)
\(=\int ^{2}_{1}\ln td(\ln t)+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\frac{\ln ^22}{2}+\int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt\)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} u=\ln t\\ dv=\frac{dt}{t^2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} du=\frac{dt}{t}\\ v=\frac{-1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \int ^{2}_{1}\frac{\ln t}{t^2}dt=\left.\begin{matrix} 2\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|-\frac{\ln t+1}{t}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2 }{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{\ln 2}{2}+\frac{\ln ^22}{2}\)
Đặt \(t=\tan\frac{x}{2}\rightarrow dx=\frac{2dt}{1+t^2}\)
Khi đó : \(I=\int\frac{4\frac{dt}{1+t^2}}{\frac{4}{1+t^2}-\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2}+1}=\int\frac{2dt}{1+2t^2}=\int\left(\frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{t+2}\right)dt=\ln\left|\frac{1}{t+2}\right|+C=\ln\left|\frac{\tan\frac{x}{2}}{\tan\frac{x}{2}+2}\right|+C\)
Đặt \(sinx=t\Rightarrow cosx.dx=dt\) ; \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}\Rightarrow t=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(I=\int\limits^1_{\dfrac{1}{2}}\dfrac{dt}{1+t}=ln\left|1+t\right||^1_{\dfrac{1}{2}}=ln2-ln\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)=-ln3+2ln2\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=-2\)
Đặt u = x và dv = cos(a - x)dx ,suy ra du = dx và v = -sin(a-x). Do đó
Vậy chọn đáp án C.