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\(A=x-2y+3z\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+4x+3z=8\left(1\right)\\3x+y-3z=2\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) <=> \(5x+5y=10\) <=> x+ y = 2
=> y = 2-x
Từ (1) => \(2x+4\left(2-x\right)+3z=8\)
=> -2x +3z =0
=> \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}z\) => \(z=\dfrac{2}{3}x\) thay vào A
=> \(A=x-2\left(2-x\right)+3.\dfrac{2}{3}x=5x-4\ge-4\)
Vậy Amin = -4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\right)\left(\left(2x\right)^2+\left(y\sqrt{6}\right)^2+\left(z\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right)\ge\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{2}.2x+\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}.y\sqrt{6}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}.z\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2=3^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{3}\right)\left(4x^2+6y^2+3z^2\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}A\ge9\Leftrightarrow A\ge12\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x=6y=3z\\x+y+z=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=\frac{2}{3},z=\frac{4}{3}}\)
Áp dụng bđt svacxo: \(\frac{x_1^2}{y_1}+\frac{x_2^2}{y_2}+\frac{x_3^2}{y_3}\ge\frac{\left(x_1+x_2+x_3\right)^2}{y_1+y_2+y_3}\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\frac{x_1}{y_1}=\frac{x_2}{y_2}=\frac{x_3}{y_3}\))
CM bđt đúng: Áp dụng bđt buniacopski
\(\left[\left(\frac{x_1}{\sqrt{y_1}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{x_2}{\sqrt{y_2}}\right)+\left(\frac{x_3}{\sqrt{y_3}}\right)\right]\left[\left(\sqrt{y_1}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y_2}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\ge\left(\frac{x_1}{\sqrt{y_1}}+\sqrt{y_1}+\frac{x_2}{\sqrt{y_2}}+\frac{x_3}{\sqrt{y_3}}+\sqrt{y_2}+\frac{x_3}{y_3}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{x_1^2}{y_1}+\frac{x_2^2}{y_2}+\frac{x_3}{y_3}\right)\left(y_1+y_2+y_3\right)\) \(\ge\left(x_1+x_2+x_3\right)^2\)
Áp dụng bđt vaofA, ta có:
A = \(4x^2+6y^2+3z^2=\frac{x^2}{\frac{1}{4}}+\frac{y^2}{\frac{1}{6}}+\frac{z_2}{\frac{1}{3}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{9}{\frac{3}{4}}=12\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{6}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{3}}\\x+y+z=3\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{2}{3}\\z=\frac{4}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MinA = 12 <=> x = 1; y = 2/3; z = 4/3
Áp dụng cauchy 3 số \(\sqrt[3]{x+3y}\)=1.1.\(\sqrt[3]{x+3y}\)\(\le\)\(\frac{1+1+x+3y}{3}\)
Tương tự ta có P\(\le\)\(\frac{2+2+2+\left(x+y+z\right)+3\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\)=\(\frac{6+4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\)=\(\frac{6+3}{3}\)=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi : x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P=3-\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}=\frac{3}{4}\)
bạn tham khảo TIM GTLN CUA TONG X+Y+Z BIET X+5Y = 21 ; 2X+3Z = 51 ; X,Y,Z >= 0? | Yahoo Hỏi & Đáp
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