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a)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=t\Rightarrow 3^{2t}-4=5^t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9^t-5^t=4\)
TH1: \(t>1\Rightarrow 9^t-5^t< 4^t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9^t< 4^t+5^t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1< \left(\frac{4}{9}\right)^t+\left(\frac{5}{9}\right)^t\) \((*)\)
Ta thấy vì \(\frac{4}{9};\frac{5}{9}<1 \), do đó với \(t>1\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \left(\frac{4}{9}\right)^t< \frac{4}{9}\\ \left(\frac{5}{9}\right)^t< \frac{5}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left(\frac{4}{9}\right)^t+\left(\frac{5}{9}\right)^t< \frac{4}{9}+\frac{5}{9}=1\) (mâu thuẫn với (*))
TH2: \(t<1 \) tương tự TH1 ta cũng suy ra mâu thuẫn
do đó \(t=1\Rightarrow x=2\)
b)
Ta có: \(5^{2x}=3^{2x}+2.5^x+2.3^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (5^{2x}-2.5^{x}+1)=3^{2x}+2.3^x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (5^x-1)^2=(3^x+1)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (5^x-3^x-2)(5^x+3^x)=0\)
Dễ thấy \(5^x+3^x>0\forall x\in\mathbb{R}\Rightarrow 5^x-3^x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 5^x-3^x=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 5^x=3^x+2\)
Đến đây ta đưa về dạng giống hệt phần a, ta thu được nghiệm \(x=1\)
c)
\((2-\sqrt{3})^x+(2+\sqrt{3})^x=4^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left(\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\right)^x+\left(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\right)^x=1\)
TH1: \(x>1\)
Vì \(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}<1;x> 1 \Rightarrow \left ( \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x< \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4};\left ( \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x< \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left ( \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x+\left ( \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x<\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}+\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}=1\) (vô lý)
TH2: \(x<1 \)
\(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}<1; x< 1 \Rightarrow \left ( \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x> \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4};\left ( \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x> \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left ( \frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x+\left ( \frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4} \right )^x>\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}+\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}=1\) (vô lý)
Do đó \(x=1\)
a) \(2^{x+4}+2^{x+2}=5^{x+1}+3\cdot5^x\)
\(\Rightarrow2^x+2^4+2x^x+2^2=5^x\cdot x+3\cdot5^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x+16+2^x\cdot4=5\cdot5^x+3\cdot5^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16\cdot2^x+4\cdot2^x=8\cdot5^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20\cdot2^x=8\cdot5^x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^x=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^x=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^x=\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
7.
\(V=\frac{\left(a\sqrt{2}\right)^3\pi.\sqrt{2}}{3}=\frac{4\pi a^3}{3}\)
8.
Mệnh đề B sai
Mệnh đề đúng là: \(lnx< 1\Rightarrow0< x< e\)
9.
\(\overline{z}=5-2i\Rightarrow z=5+2i\Rightarrow\left|z\right|=\sqrt{5^2+2^2}=\sqrt{29}\)
10.
\(\overrightarrow{NM}=\left(1;-3;-2\right)\) nên đường thẳng MN nhận \(\left(1;-3;-2\right)\) là 1 vtcp
Phương trình tham số: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=t\\y=1-3t\\z=3-2t\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.
\(V=3.4.5=60\)
5.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}log_8a+2log_4b=5\\log_8b+2log_4a=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow log_8a-log_8b-2\left(log_4a-log_4b\right)=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow log_8\frac{a}{b}-2log_4\frac{a}{b}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}log_2\frac{a}{b}-log_2\frac{a}{b}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{2}{3}log_2\frac{a}{b}=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow log_2\frac{a}{b}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=8\)
6.
\(log_{\frac{1}{5}}x=t\Rightarrow t^2-2t-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}log_{\frac{1}{5}}x=-1\\log_{\frac{1}{5}}x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\frac{1}{125}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chọn A