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Bài 7: Chuyển các câu hỏi trực tiếp dạng Wh-questions dưới đây thành câu hỏi gián tiếp.
Ví dụ: Who is this flower for? →Mary asks Peter who that flower is for.
1. “What’s your name? ” The officer asked Sam
-> The officer asked Sam what her name was.
2. “How could you drive here in this storm?” Linda asked the writer
-> Linda asked the writer how he could drive there in that storm.
3. “Why are you wearing this awful shirt?” The boss asked Mr Grey
-> The boss asked Mr Grey why he was wearing that awful shirt.
4. “When will the lunch be ready?” Tina asked her mum
-> Tina asked her mum when the lunch would be ready.
5. “How did you try to cope with this problem? ” The psychologist asked Sylvie.
-> The psychologist asked Sylvie how she had tried to cope with that problem.
6. “When did you find this great book? ” The teacher asked Jack
-> The teacher asked Jack when he had found that great book.
7. “Where are you from? ” Mike asked Sam
-> Mike asked Sam where she was from.
8. “How many apples have you eaten today?” Mum asked Paul
-> Mum asked Paul how many apples he had eaten that day.
9. “What can I do for you? ” The greengrocer asked Mrs Hill
-> The greengrocer asked Mrs Hill what he could do for her.
10. “Where is my tie? ” Dad asked the children.
-> Dad asked the children where his tie was.
Bài 8: Chuyển các câu hỏi trực tiếp dưới đây thành câu hỏi gián tiếp.
1. “Have you done your homework yet, Peter?”
-> Mum wanted to know Peter if he had done his homework yet.
2. “Where are you going to spend your holiday this summer, Sue?”
-> Mary asked Sue where she was going to spend her holiday that summer.
3. “Do you know how long it is from London to Cambridge?”
-> Tom asked me if I known how long it was from London to Cambridge.
4. “Will you phone me as soon as you arrive in Oxford, Carol?”
-> Cindy asked Carol if he would phone her as soon as he arrive in Oxford.
6. “How much does the ticket for the concert cost? ”
-> Father wanted to know me how much the ticket for the concert costed.
7. “Can you help me with the housework tomorrow, Linda?”
-> He asked Linda if she could help him with the housework the following day.
8. “What time does the new TV series begin tonight?”
-> Terry asked me what time the new TV series begun that night.
9. “Are you going to buy a new computer next month, Lewis?”
-> I wanted to know Lewis if he was going to buy a new computer the following month.
10. “When has Tim started working this morning?”
-> Mr. Smith asked his secretary when Tim had started working that morning.
11. “Is Sue coming to the library with you, Paul?”
-> Tina asked Paul if Sue was coming to the library with him.
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I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
1 Marty asked Kim if he would send her an e-mail
2 The police asked Mr Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident
3 The doctor asked Mrs Smith if she had given up smoking the month before
4 Mum asked me if I had done the washing up
5 The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home
6 I asked Greg if he liked sleeping
1. Marty asked Lim if he would send her an e-mail.
2. The police asked Mr. Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident.
3. The doctor asked Mrs. Smith if she had given up smoking the month brfore.
4. The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home.
5. I asked Greg if he liked sleeping.
Bài 6: Chuyển các câu hỏi trực tiếp dạng Yes-No questions dưới đây thành câu hỏi gián tiếp.
Ví dụ: “Is this my birthday cake?” →Peter asked Mary if that was his birthday cake.
1. “Will you send me an e-mail?” Marty to Kim
..................................Marty asks Kim if she would send him an e-mail..................................................................................................................
2. “Were you driving your car when you had an accident?” The police to Mr Lloyd
...................................The police ask Mr Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident.................................................................................................................
3. “Did you give up smoking last month?” The doctor to Mrs Smith
..........................................The doctor asks Mrs Smith if she had given up smoking the previous month..........................................................................................................
4. “Have you done the washing up?” Mum to me
.....................................Mum asks me if I had done the washing up...............................................................................................................
5. “Can’t you phone your mother at home?” The teacher to him
......................................The teacher asks Tim if he couldn't phone his mother at home..............................................................................................................
6. “Do you like sleeping? ” I to Greg
...........................I ask Greg if he liked sleeping.........................................................................................................................
7. “Has your house been redecorated? ” My neighbor to me
...................................My neighbour asks me if my house had been redecorated.................................................................................................................
8. “Were you punished for being late? ” Mum to Ben
..............................Mum asks Ben if he had been punished for being late......................................................................................................................
9. “Do I have to move the lawn in our garden today? ” Tom to his wife
...................................Tom asks his wife if he had to mow the lawn in their garden that day.................................................................................................................
10. “Are they taking the dog for a walk now? ” Kate to me
................................................Kate asks me if they were taking the dog for a walk then....................................................................................................
1. Marty asked Kim if he would send her an e-mail
2. The police asked Mr Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident
3. The doctor asked Mrs Smith if she had given up smoking the month before
4. Mum asked me if I had done the washing up
5. The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home
6. I asked Greg if he liked sleeping
7. My neighbor asked me if my house had been redecorated.
8. Mum asked Ben if he had been punished for being late.
9. Tom asked his wife if he had to move the lawn in their garden that day.
10. Kate asked me if they were taking the dog for a walk then.
CÂU GIÁN TIẾP * Cho công thức free luôn nà :> . Lấy thì lấy hoq thì thoi :D *
B1 : Lùi thì
Vs/nt -- Ved
V2 - had V3
Am/is/are - was/were
Was/were - had been
Can - could / many - might - will - would
B2 : Đổi ngôi
I - He/she
You ---?
We - they
Our- thier
B3 : Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Now - then ; this - that -- here,there
Yesterday - The day before
Tomorrow - The day after
Dạng 1 : Câu trần thuật bình thường :
S1 told that / said that + S + lùi thì
Dạng 2 : Câu mệnh lệnh
S1 told asked / reminded / orderd S2 to Vnt/ not to Vnt
Yêu cầu ai đó làm gì
Dạng 3 : Câu hỏi
S1 asked ( hỏi ) S2 if/ whether ( xem là ) + S + V lùi thì
S1 asked S2 + wh + S + V lùi thì
1 " What did you do yesterday ? " she said to me
=>she asked me what i had done the previous day
2 " What are you doing at the moment ? " she said to me
=>she asked me what i was doing at the moment
3 " Why did you come late ? " the boss said to her
=>The boss asked he why she had come late
4 " Who have you phoned ? " the police said to her
=>The police asked her who she had phoned
5 " Which one do you prefer ? " the mother said to her son
=>The mother asked her son which one he prefered
6 " How do you go to school every day ? " the teacher said to the student
=>The teacher asked the student how he went to school every day
7 " How many people are there in your family , Lan ? " Nam said to Lan
=>Nam asked Lan how many people there were in her family
8 " How much does this book cost ? " the customer said to the shop - keeper
=>The customer asked the shop-keeper how much that book cost
9 " How far is it from here to your school ? " the man said to the boy
=>The man asked the boy how far it was from there to his school
10 " Who is your teacher ? " she said to me
=>She asked me who my teacher was
Đổi câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp :
1) When can I see the doctor ?
-> He asked me when he could see the doctor.
2) What's the name of the college?
-> She asked me what the name of the college was.
3) How many students are there in the college?
-> He asked me how many students there were in the college.
4) How far is it to the school?
-> They asked me how far it was to the school.
5) How do you go to school?
-> She asked me how I went to school.
6) How did you get to school?
-> He asked me how I had got to school.
7) Who do you want to talk to?
-> They asked me who I wanted to talk to.
8)Where are you from?
-> She asked me where I was from.
9) Why do you learn English ?
-> He asked me why I learned English.
10) Which class are you in?
-> He asked me which class I was in.
Ex1:Wh-questions reported speech:
1:He asked "How long does it take you to have lunch?"'
>> He asked me how long it took me to have lunch.
2:He asked me"what are you doing at the weekend?"
>> He asked me What I was doing at the weekend.
3:She asked"Why are you late,Tom?"
>> She asked Tom Why he was late.
4:My mother asked"Where is your umbrella?"
>> My mother asked me Where my umbrella was.
5:The secretary asked"who do you want to see,sir?"
>> The secretary asked sir who he wanted to see.
6:The students asked"What time does the bell bring?"
>> The students asked what time the bell brought
7:He asked Tom"what kind ò films do you like watching?"
>> He asked Tom what kinds of film he liked watching.
8:The teacher asked the girl"When do you have to be come?"
>> The teacher asked the girl when she had to be come.
9:They always asked"Why don't you let my cat in?"
>> They always asked why I did not let their cat in
10:The pasengers asked"When did the last train leave?"
>> The pasengers asked When the last train left.
Change the following sentences to Reported Speech
1, She asked me "Have you ever seen such an interesting film?"
=> She asked me if I had seen such an interesting film
2, "Please sit down for a few minutes" Mary told her boy friend
=>Mary told her boyfriend to sit down for a few minutes
3, I said to him "Don't call me again at this late hour"
=>I said to him not to call me again at this late hour
4, Mother said "Don't stand here doing nothing"
=> Mother said me not to stand here doing nothing
5, The mother said to her children "Why don't you go to bed?"
=> The mother said to the children why they didn't go to bed
6, John asked me "Is your father a teacher or a doctor?"
=> John asked me if my father was a teacher or a doctor
7, The teacher said "John, why didn't you hand in your paper?"
=>The teacher said to John why he hadn't handed in his paper
8, Mr Brown said to me: "Who did you meet yesterday?"
=> Mr Brown said to me who I had met the day before
9, Mary said: "The clock will never work again if you try to repair it"
=> Mary said the clock would never work again if I tried to repair it
10, "How beautiful the girl is!" Tom said
=>Tom said how beautiful the girl was
#chanh
Bài làm
1, She asked me "Have you ever seen such an interesting film?"
=> She asked me " Have you ever seen such an interesting film ? "
2, "Please sit down for a few minutes" Mary told her boy friend
=> Mary told her boyfriend to sit down for a few minutes.
3, I said to him "Don't call me again at this late hour"
=> I said to him not to call me again at this late hour
4, Mother said "Don't stand here doing nothing"
=> Mother said me not to stand here doing nothing.
5, The mother said to her children "Why don't you go to bed?"
=> The mother said me not to her children " wwhy don't you go to bed ? ".
6, John asked me "Is your father a teacher or a doctor?"
=> John asked me if my father was a teacher or a doctor.
7, The teacher said "John, why didn't you hand in your paper?"
=> The teacher said to John why he hadn't handed in his paper
8, Mr Brown said to me: "Who did you meet yesterday?"
=> Mr Brown said to me who i had met the day before.
9, Mary said: "The clock will never work again if you try to repair it"
=>Mary said the clock would never work again is i tried to reapait it.
10, "How beautiful the girl is!" Tom said
=> Tom said how beautiful the girl was.
# Chúc bạn học tốt #
1 The officer asked Sam what her name was
2 Linda asked the writer how he could drive there in that storm
3 The boss asked Mr Grey why he was wearing that awful shirt
4 Tina asked her Mum when the lunch would be ready
5 The psychologist asked Sylvie how he had tried to cope with that problem