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Bài 1:
a) \(25\left(x+2y\right)^2-16\left(2x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left[5\left(x+2y\right)\right]^2-\left[4\left(2x-y\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[5\left(x+2y\right)-4\left(2x-y\right)\right]\left[5\left(x+2y\right)+4\left(2x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(5x+10y-8x+4y\right)\left(5x+10y+8x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(14y-3x\right)\left(13x+6y\right)\)
b) \(0,25\left(x-2y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-2y\right)\right]^2-\left[2\left(x+y\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-2y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-2y\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y-2x-2y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}x-3y\right)\left(\dfrac{5}{2}x+y\right)\)
\(=-3\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{5}{2}x+y\right)\)
c) \(\dfrac{4}{9}\left(x-3y\right)^2-0,04\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{2}{3}\left(x-3y\right)\right]^2-\left[\dfrac{1}{5}\left(x+y\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{2}{3}\left(x-3y\right)-\dfrac{1}{5}\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[\dfrac{2}{3}\left(x-3y\right)+\dfrac{1}{5}\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y-\dfrac{1}{5}x-\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y+\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{15}x-\dfrac{11}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{13}{15}x-\dfrac{9}{5}y\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{7}{3}x-11y\right).\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{13}{3}x-9y\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{7}{3}x-11y\right)\left(\dfrac{13}{3}x-9y\right)\)
d) \(-25x^2+30x-9\)
\(=-\left(25x^2-30x+9\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.3+3^2\right]\)
\(=-\left(5x-3\right)^2\)
Bài 2:
a) \(x^3y^2-x^2y^3-2x+2y\)
\(=x^2y^2\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2y^2-2\right)\)
Thay x = -1 và y = -2 vào ta được
\(=\left[-1-\left(-2\right)\right]\left[\left(-1\right)^2\left(-2\right)^2-2\right]\)
\(=1\left(4-2\right)\)
\(=2\)
b) \(5x^2-3x+3y-5y^2\)
\(=5\left(x^2-y^2\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
Thay x = 3 và y = 1 vào ta được
\(=5\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)-3\left(3-1\right)\)
\(=5.2.4-3.2\)
\(=34\)
Câu 1:
a: \(=\left(5x+10y\right)^2-\left(8x-4y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5x+10y-8x+4y\right)\left(5x+10y+8x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(-3x+14y\right)\left(13x+6y\right)\)
b: \(=\left(0.5x-y\right)^2-\left(2x+2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(0.5x-y-2x-2y\right)\left(0.5x-y+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(-1.5y-3y\right)\left(2.5x+y\right)\)
c: \(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y\right)^2-\left(0.2x+0.2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y-\dfrac{1}{5}x-\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x+2y+\dfrac{1}{5}y+\dfrac{1}{5}x\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{15}x-\dfrac{11}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{13}{15}x+\dfrac{11}{5}y\right)\)
d: \(=-\left(5x-3\right)^2\)
Áp dụng HĐT a2 - b2 = ( a - b )( a + b )
và tính chất an.bn = ( a.b )n ( với n ∈ N* )
a) ( 3x + 1 )2 - ( x + 1 )2
= [ ( 3x + 1 ) - ( x + 1 ) ][ ( 3x + 1 ) + ( x + 1 ) ]
= ( 3x + 1 - x - 1 )( 3x + 1 + x + 1 )
= 2x( 4x + 2 )
= 2x.2( 2x + 1 )
= 4x( 2x + 1 )
b) ( x + y )2 - ( x - y )2
= [ ( x + y ) - ( x - y ) ][ ( x + y ) + ( x - y ) ]
= ( x + y - x + y )( x + y + x - y )
= 2y.2x = 4xy
c) ( 2xy + 1 )2 - ( 2x + y )2
= [ ( 2xy + 1 ) - ( 2x + y ) ][ ( 2xy + 1 ) + ( 2x + y ) ]
= ( 2xy + 1 - 2x - y )( 2xy + 1 + 2x + y )
= [ ( 2xy - 2x ) - ( y - 1 ) ][ ( 2xy + 2x ) + ( y + 1 ) ]
= [ 2x( y - 1 ) - ( y - 1 ) ][ 2x( y + 1 ) + ( y + 1 ) ]
= ( y - 1 )( 2x - 1 )9 y + 1 )( 2x + 1 )
d) 9( x - y )2 - 4( x + y )2
= 32( x - y )2 - 22( x + y )2
= [ 3( x - y ) ]2 - [ 2( x + y ) ]2
= ( 3x - 3y )2 - ( 2x + 2y )2
= [ ( 3x - 3y ) - ( 2x + 2y ) ][ ( 3x - 3y ) + ( 2x + 2y ) ]
= ( 3x - 3y - 2x - 2y )( 3x - 3y + 2x + 2y )
= ( x - 5y )( 5x - y )
e) ( 3x - 2y )2 - ( 2x - 3y )2
= [ ( 3x - 2y ) - ( 2x - 3y ) ][ ( 3x - 2y ) + ( 2x - 3y ) ]
= ( 3x - 2y - 2x + 3y )( 3x - 2y + 2x - 3y )
= ( x + y )( 5x - 5y )
= ( x + y )5( x - y )
f) ( 4x2 - 4x + 1 ) - ( x + 1 )2
= ( 2x - 1 )2 - ( x + 1 )2
= [ ( 2x - 1 ) - ( x + 1 ) ][ ( 2x - 1 ) + ( x + 1 ) ]
= ( 2x - 1 - x - 1 )( 2x - 1 + x + 1 )
= 3x( x - 2 )
a)x4-1=(x2-1)(x2+1)=(x-1)(x+1)(x2+1)
b)x2-y2-2x+2y=(x-y)(x+y)-2(x-y)=(x-y)(x+y-2)
c)x2-6x-y2+9=(x2-6x+9)-y2=(x-3)2-y2=(x-y-3)(x+y-3)
d)5x2+3(x+y)2-5y2
=5(x2-y2)+3(x+y)2
=5(x-y)(x+y)+3(x+y)2
=(x+y)(5x-5y+3x+3y)
=(x+y)(8x-2y)
1) \(x^6-x^4-9x^3+9x^2\)
\(=x^2\left(x^4-x^2-9x+9\right)\)
\(=x^2\left[x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-9\left(x-1\right)\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)-9\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2-9\right)\)
2) \(x^4-4x^3+8x^2-16x+16\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+4\right)-4x\left(x^2+4\right)+4\left(x^2+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+4\right)\left(x-2\right)^2\)
3) \(x^4-25x^2+20x-4=x^4+5x^3-2x^2-5x^3-25x^2+10x+2x^2+10x-4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+5x-2\right)-5x\left(x^2+5x-2\right)+2\left(x^2+5x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-2\right)\left(x^2-5x+2\right)\)
4) \(5x\left(x-2y\right)+2\left(2y-x\right)^2\)\(=5x\left(x-2y\right)+2\left(x-2y\right)^2=\left(x-2y\right)\left(5x+2x-4y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(7x-4y\right)\)
5) \(x^2\left(x^2-6\right)-x^2+9=x^4-7x^2+9\)
\(=x^4+x^3-3x^2-x^3-x^2+3x-3x^2-3x+9\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+x-3\right)-x\left(x^2+x-3\right)-3\left(x^2+x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-3\right)\left(x^2-x-3\right)\)
6) \(7x\left(y-4\right)^2-\left(4-y\right)^3=7x\left(y-4\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^3=\left(y-4\right)^2\left(7x+y-4\right)\)
7) \(x^3+2x^2-6x-27=x^3-3x^2+5x^2-15x+9x-27\)
\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)+5x\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+5x+9\right)\)
a)5x.(x-2y)+2.(2y-x)2 = 5x.(x-2y)+2.(x-2y)2 = (x-2y)[ 5x+2(x-2y)] = (x-2y)( 5x + 2x - 4y) = (x-2y)(7x-4y)
b) tương tự như trước, do là (A-B)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2 = b^2 - 2ab + a^2 = ( b-a)^2
c)100x2-(x2+25)2= (10x)^2 -(x2+25)2= (10x + x^2 + 25)( 10x-x^2-25) = (x^2+10x+25)[-(x^2-10x+25)] =-1(x+5)^2 (x-5)^2
d)x2-xz-9y2+3y2= ( từ để suy nghĩ đã -_-)
e)x3-x2.5x+125 =
a) x4 + x2 - 27x - 9
= (x4 - 27x) + x2 - 9
= x(x3 - 27) + (x - 3)(x + 3)
= x(x - 3)(x2 + 3x + 9) + (x - 3)(x + 3)
= (x - 3)(x3 + 3x2 + 9x + x + 3)
= (x - 3)(x3 + 3x2 + 10x + 3)
b) x2 - xy - x + y
= x(x - y) - (x - y)
= (x - 1)(x - y)
c) xy + 4 - x2 + 2y
= (xy + 2y) - (x2 - 4)
= y(x + 2) - (x - 2)(x + 2)
= (x + 2)(y - x + 2)
d) xy + y - 2(x + 1)
= y(x + 1) - 2(x + 1)
= (y - 2)(x + 1)
a: \(=\left(5x+10y\right)^2-\left(8x-4y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5x+10y-8x+4y\right)\left(5x+10y+8x-4y\right)\)
\(=\left(-3x+14y\right)\left(13x+6y\right)\)
b: \(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y\right)^2-\left(2x+2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y-2x-2y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-y+2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}x-3y\right)\left(\dfrac{5}{2}x+y\right)\)
c: \(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y-\dfrac{1}{5}x-\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{3}x-2y+\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{15}x-\dfrac{11}{5}y\right)\left(\dfrac{13}{15}x-\dfrac{9}{5}y\right)\)