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\(\text{a) Thay a = 4 vào pt ta có:}\)
\(\frac{x+4}{x+2}+\frac{x-2}{x-4}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-16+x^2-4}{x^2-4x+2x-8}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x^2-20}{x^2-2x-8}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-20=2.\left(x^2-2x-8\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-20=2x^2-4x-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x^2+4x=-16+20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(\text{b) Thay x = -1 vào pt ta có:}\)
\(\frac{-1+a}{-1+2}+\frac{-1-2}{-1-a}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a-1}{1}+\frac{-3}{-\left(a+1\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)+\frac{3}{a+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+3}{a+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-1+3}{a+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2=2.\left(a+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2=2a+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2a=2-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=0\\a-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=0\\a=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy để pt có nghiệm là x = 1 thì a = {0 ; 2}
\(a.Thay:a=4\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+4}{x+2}+\frac{x-2}{x-4}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=2\left(x+2\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4x-16+x^2+2x-2x-4=\left(2x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-20=2x^2-8x+4x-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-20-2x^2+8x-4x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
x3 - 4x - x2 - 6 = 0
<=> x2 - 3x2 + 2x2 - 6x + 2x - 6 = 0
<=> x2(x - 3) + 2x(x - 3) + 2(x - 3) = 0
<=> (x2 + 2x + 2)(x - 3) = 0
<=> x - 3 = 0 (do x2 + 2x + 2 = (x2 + 2x + 1) + 1 = (x + 1)2 + 1 \(\ne\)0)
<=> x = 3
Vậy S = {3}
\(x^3-4x-x^2-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-4x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-3x^2\right)+\left(2x^2-6x\right)+\left(2x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+2x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=0\)(1)
Ta có: \(x^2+2x+2=x^2+2x+1+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+1>0\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow x-3=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{3\right\}\)
\(\frac{x+1}{9}+\frac{x+2}{8}=\frac{x+3}{7}+\frac{x+4}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+1}{9}+1+\frac{x+2}{8}+1=\frac{x+3}{7}+1+\frac{x+4}{6}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+10}{9}+\frac{x+10}{8}=\frac{x+10}{7}+\frac{x+10}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+10}{9}+\frac{x+10}{8}-\frac{x+10}{7}-\frac{x+10}{6}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+10\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\right)=0\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{9}< \frac{1}{8}< \frac{1}{7}< \frac{1}{6}\)nên \(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}< 0\)
Suy ra x + 10 = 0
Vậy x = -10
Pt ban đầu tương đương :
\(\left(\frac{x+1}{9}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{8}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x+3}{7}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+4}{6}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+10}{9}+\frac{x+10}{8}=\frac{x+10}{7}+\frac{x+10}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+10\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\right)=0\)
Mà : \(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-10\) ( thỏa mãn )
Vậy pt đã cho có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{-10\right\}\)
1 nghiệm