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PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuCl2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2\left(dư\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,34=0,68(mol)\\ a,CuSO_4+2NaOH\to Na_2SO_4+Cu(OH)_2\downarrow\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68.98=66,64(g)\\ b,n_{CuO}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,68.80=54,4(g)\\ c,V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{200}{1,25}=160(ml)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.32\%}{100\%.40}=1,6(mol)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{CuSO_4}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH(dư)}=1,6-0,68.2=0,24(mol); n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C_{M_{NaOH(dư)}}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,16}=1,5M\\ C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,68}{0,16}=4,25M \end{cases}\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ a,CuCl_2+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2+2NaCl\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ b,\dfrac{n_{CuCl_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\Rightarrow CuCl_2\text{ dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16(g)\\ c,n_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,4-0,2=0,2(mol)\\n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,2.135=27(g)\\ m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\)
a, \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,2.0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,05.40=2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{15\%}=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)
a, \(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
b, \(m_{CuSO_4}=250.16\%=40\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{40}{160}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CuO}=0,25.80=20\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = m dd NaOH + m dd CuSO4 - mCu(OH)2 = 200 + 250 - 0,25.98 = 425,5 (g)
a, \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+Na_2SO_4\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
b, \(m_{CuSO_4}=160.10\%=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)=200\left(ml\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1.80=8\left(g\right)\)